Social Disorganization Theory (readings)

A set of flashcards based on the lecture notes of Social Disorganization Theory, outlining key concepts, figures, and critiques.

What is social disorganization theory primarily concerned with?

The relationship between crime and social problems in specific neighborhoods.

Who were the key figures in the development of social disorganization theory?

Robert Park and Ernest Burgess.

What did Park and Burgess observe in Chicago during their studies?

Invasion, dominance, and succession within social processes.

What are the five concentric zones identified by Park and Burgess?

Zone 1: City Center, Zone 2: Transition Zone, Zone 3: Working-Class Zone, Zone 4: Residential Zone, Zone 5: Commuter Zone.

What is the significance of the transition zone according to Shaw and McKay?

It has higher crime rates and social disorganization compared to more stable zones.

How does social disorganization theory link community characteristics to delinquency?

It suggests that neighborhoods with high unemployment and poverty experience higher delinquency.

Define collective efficacy in the context of social disorganization theory.

The ability of neighborhood residents to maintain informal social controls and deter crime.

What criticisms arose regarding the measurement of social disorganization?

Measures were too abstract and did not capture informal social controls directly.

What findings did Sampson and Groves contribute to social disorganization theory?

They found that social networks and community participation can mitigate crime.

How is social disorganization theory considered tautological?

It uses delinquency rates to explain social disorganization while claiming social disorganization causes delinquency.