structure and bonding

what is the bond angle of tetrahedral

109.5°

what is the structure of an ionic solid

made up of positive and negative ions arranged in an alternating 3D lattice held together with strong directional bonds

what makes a chemical bond polar

significant difference in electronegativity and a dipole moment

what makes a molecule non-polar when it contains polar bonds

when the polar bonds are equal in size of polarity and are symmetrically arranged around the central atom

• means their dipoles cancel out

what does something need to have to be soluble in water

the attraction between solute and solvent needs to be enough to overcome the attraction between water molecules

• solute and solvent would be the H and O ends separately with whatever the other substance is

difference between “arrangement” and molecular shape

arrangement is how many areas of electron density there are and how they get spread out eg. tetrahedral

molecular shape refers to in the arrangement how many bonding and non-bonding pairs are there so what new shape is formed eg. trigonal pyramid