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Chamber Maturation
The process where atrio-ventricular endothelial cushions form valves and partition the heart's chambers and outflow tract.
Septation Process
The expansion of endothelial-like cells in endocardial cushions leading to the partitioning of the heart's atria and ventricles.
Endocardial Cushions
Fused structures in the atrio-ventricular canal critical for the development of heart valves.
Atrial Septation
The division of the atria through the formation of septum primum and septum secundum.
Ostium Primum
An opening that forms in the septum primum during atrial septation.
Ostium Secundum
An opening that develops due to apoptosis in the upper region of the septum primum.
Foramen Ovale
An opening allowing blood flow between the right and left atrium during fetal development.
Septum Primum
A structure growing from the dorsal roof of the heart contributing to atrial septation.
Septum Secundum
A structure that grows from the anterior face of the atrium, maintaining an opening to allow blood flow.
Blood Flow Regulation
The process ensuring proper separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood between the heart's chambers.
Atrioventricular Septation
The division of primitive atrium from primitive ventricle, forming the atrioventricular valves.
Ventricular Septation
The formation of interventricular septum separating the right and left ventricles.
Ductus Arteriosus
A fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery to the aorta, allowing blood bypass lungs.
Postnatal Changes
Physiological adjustments occurring after birth, including the closure of the ductus arteriosus.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
A condition where the ductus arteriosus remains open after birth, causing abnormal blood flow.
Closure of Foramen Ovale
The process by which the foramen ovale closes after birth, preventing right-to-left atrial shunting.
Heart Development
A dynamic process involving gene expression changes that leads from progenitor cells to a four-chamber heart.