Sports Med, Unit 1: vocal

Pivot

Joint in which bone moves around a central axis, creating rotational movement

Articular Cartilage

Hyaline cartilage covering bone ends

Bursa

Fluid filled sac that decreases friction

Synarthrodial

Joints that lack synovial cavity and are held closely together by fibrous connective tissue

Condyloid

Joints that allows bones to move about one another in many directions except rotate

Tendon

Attaches muscle to the bone

Agonist

Produces movement in a single direction

Synovial Membrane

Lines joint cavity and produces synovial fluid

Saddle

Joints between 2 bones with complementary shapes; allows wide range of motion

Synovial Fluid

Lubricates the joint

Diarthrodial

Most movable joint; also known as synovial (cartilage)

Hinge

Joint that allows flexion or extension

Gliding

Joint that allows bones to make a sliding motion

Ligament

Attaches bone to bone

Antagonist

Produces movement in opposite direction

Amphiarthrodial

Bone connected by fibrocartilage

Ball and Socket

Joint in which a rounded portion of bones fits the indent of other bones. allows for most motion

Muscle

producing movement in or maintaining the position of parts of the body

Sagittal

Forward and backward movements

transverse

rotational movements

frontal

side to side movements

medial

towards the midline

lateral

away from the midline

anterior

front of person

proximal

towards start of limb

distal

towards end of limb

superior

towards head

inferior

towards toes

abduction

motion of limb or appendage away from the midline

adduction

motion of a limb or appendage toward the midline

Inversion

specific name for ankle motion; Ankle moves toward midline

Eversion

specific name of ankle motion; ankle moves away from midline

Intension

decreases angle between two body parts

Extension

increases angle between two body parts

Dorsiflexion

specific term used to describe movements of angle; decreases angle between body parts

Planter Flexion

specific term used to describe movements of angle; Increases angle between body parts

Internal rotational

joint rotating towards midline

external rotation

joint rotating away from midline

pronation

specific movement of elbow; palms rotate downwards

supination

specific movement of elbow; palms rotate upwards

anatomical position

a standard position created to help determine movement and directional terms