Laboratory Procedures - Week 2 Review

Monolayer

the area on your blood film(smear) where you evaluate cells

-Neutrophil (SEG)

-Eosinophil (EOS)

-Basophil (BASO)

-Lymphocyte (LYMPH)

-Monocyte (MONO)

the 5 types of WBC's

Neutrophil (SEG)

segmented, mature WBC; phagocyte & reacts to inflammation

Eosinophil (EOS)

released in allergic reactions, especially in parasitic infections (pink)

Basophil (BASO)

reactive & release histamine & with inflammation & infection (deep purple)

Lymphocyte (LYMPH)

creates antibodies & reacts to invaders (biggest nucleus)

Monocyte (MONO)

large phagocyte & reacts with immune system

_____ are indicated by the presence of dohle bodies, cytoplasmic basopliila, foamy cytoplasm, or vacuolization.

Toxic changes

What breed has a predisposition to Von Willebrand's dz(platelet defect = cant' clot)?

Doberman

Thrombocytopenia

low platelet count

What does a CBC evaluate?

-RBC (erythrocyte)

-WBC (leukocyte)

-Platelet (thrombocyte)

Where on a blood smear would you find microfilaria(immature heartworms)?

feathered edge

Hemoglobin

protein in RBC's that carries oxygen

Reticulocyte

young, immature RBC

PCV

packed cell volume, % of RBC

Band

immature neutrophil

nRBC

nucleated RBC, immature

Differential

measures % of each type of leukocyte(WBC) in sample & reveals abnormalities visually

Normal PCV for a dog?

45%

Normal PCV for a cat?

35%

Normal TP for a dog or cat?

6.5 - 8 g/dl

IMHA

immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (immune system attacks & destroys RBC's)

What is a common thing you will see with a patient with a bleeding disorder?

-petechia (pinpoint bruising)

-ecchymoses

-epistaxis (nosebleed)

2 examples of ELISA or SNAP tests

Giardia & Parvo

2 most common types(shapes) of bacteria you will see in microbiology...

Cocci (round) & Bacilli (rods)

What does yeast look like in a cytology?

peanut, snowman, footprint, or bowling pin-shaped organisms

2 ways to diagnose ringworm...

fresh plucked hair (from root) & skin scrapings [DTM & Cytology]

Name of the most common stain you will use in the laboratory?

Diff Quick

3 examples of hepatobiliary chemistry values? (liver)

ALT, AST, & Bil

2 examples of renal chemistry values? (kidney)

Creatine (CREAT), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), & Phosphorous (PHOS)

1 chemistry value that evaluates the EXOCRINE function of the pancreas?

Amylase (AMYL) & Lipase (LIPA)

1 chemistry value that evaluates the ENDOCRINE function of the pancreas?

Glucose

Hyphae

vegetative/branching structures of fungi

3 examples of electrolytes that may be elevated on a blood chemistry panel?

Calcium (Ca++), Sodium (Na+), & Potassium (K+)

What chemistry value is an indicator of tissue hypoxia?

Lactate/Lactic Acid

2 examples of immunological testing?

Agglutination Test & Coombs Test

3 things that bacteria need to proliferate?

-food

-varying O2 & temp. requirements

-6.5 - 7.5 PH

Passive Immunity

maternal antibodies & barriers like mucus membranes & skin

Active Immunity

developed/acquired development of antibodies (humoral immunity)

DTM

dermatophyte test medium (diagnose fungi/yeast)

Antibody

protein produced in response to an antigen

Antigen

foreign substance that triggers an immune response