Surgical Technology FA Davis Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards generated from the Surgical Technology FA Davis Final Exam Study Guide transcript covering positioning, procedures, instrumentation, drains, retractors, and surgical concepts.

Principles of Asepsis

The foundational rules and practices followed to prevent contamination and maintain a sterile field in the operating room.

Surgical Counts

The systematic counting procedure of sponges, sharps, and instruments performed at initial, closing, and final stages to prevent retained items.

Supine Position

A patient positioning where the body lies flat on the back facing upward.

Trendelenburg Position

A patient positioning where the body is tilted head-down with feet elevated, commonly used to displace abdominal organs during pelvic surgery.

Reverse Trendelenburg Position

A patient positioning where the head is elevated higher than the feet, often utilized to facilitate upper abdominal procedures.

Lithotomy Position

A patient positioning where the legs are raised and supported in stirrups, used primarily for gynecological and urological procedures.

Prone Position

A patient positioning where the patient lies face down on their abdomen.

Lateral Position

A patient positioning where the patient lies on their side, providing surgical access to the flank, kidney, or thorax.

Hydrocephalus

A neurosurgical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain's ventricular system.

Mayfield Headrest

A specialized neurosurgical rigid skull-clamp device used to stabilize and immobilize the patient's head during cranial procedures.

Cottonoids (Neuro Patties)

Small, specialized absorbent radiopaque pads used in neurosurgery for hemostasis and protection of delicate neural tissues.

VP Shunt (Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt)

A implanted surgical catheter system that drains excess cerebrospinal fluid from the cerebral ventricles into the peritoneal cavity.

Cholecystectomy

The surgical removal of the gallbladder.

Common Bile Duct Exploration

A surgical procedure conducted to inspect and remove obstructions or stones from the common bile duct.

Gastrectomy

The partial or total surgical resection of the stomach.

Anastomosis

The surgical connection established between two tubular anatomical structures, such as blood vessels or segments of intestine.

Dilation and Curettage (D&C)

A gynecologic procedure involving the expansion of the cervical canal and scraping of the endometrial lining.

TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)

A urological procedure executed through the urethra to resect enlarged prostate tissue.

Glycine

A non-conductive, non-hemolytic irrigation fluid utilized during electrosurgical procedures such as TURP.

Nephrectomy

The surgical removal of one or both kidneys.

Vasectomy

A male sterilization procedure involving the surgical division or occlusion of the vas deferens.

ORIF (Open Reduction Internal Fixation)

An orthopedic operation involving direct surgical exposure of a bone fracture and stabilization using mechanical hardware like screws or plates.

Arthroplasty

The surgical reconstruction or structural replacement of a diseased or damaged joint.

Rongeurs

Heavy-duty, bite-action orthopedic instruments used for gouging, trimming, or excising bone and tough tissue.

Bone-Holding Forceps

Specialized orthopedic instruments designed to grasp, manipulate, and stabilize fractured bones during internal fixation.

Curettes

Spoon-shaped or ring-shaped instruments used to scrape away biological tissue or bone fragments.

Reamers

Rotary surgical instruments used in orthopedics to expand, hollow out, or shape the intramedullary canal of a bone.

Embolectomy

The emergency surgical removal of an embolus blocking a vascular vessel to restore blood flow.

Absorbable Suture

Suture material designed to degrade and be absorbed by biological tissue over time through hydrolysis or enzymatic action.

Monofilament Suture

A suture made of a single continuous strand of material, exhibiting low drag through tissues and reduced bacterial harboring.

Self-Retaining Retractors

Retractors equipped with a mechanical locking mechanism to hold tissues or wound margins open without manual assistance.

Penrose Drain

A open, passive drainage device made of a soft, flexible rubber latex tube.

Jackson-Pratt (JP) Drain

A closed suction active drainage system consisting of a perforated tubing connected to a flexible bulb reservoir.

Hemovac Drain

A closed active suction drainage apparatus utilizing a circular spring-loaded vacuum collection container.

T-Tube

A specialized T-shaped drain placed into the common bile duct to facilitate post-operative bile drainage.

Monopolar Electrosurgery

An electrosurgical modality where high-frequency current passes from an active electrode, through the patient, to a grounding return pad.

Bipolar Electrosurgery

An electrosurgical modality where electric current flows only between the two tines of the active instrument instrument, requiring no return pad.

Bone Wax

A non-absorbable waxy hemostatic compound applied directly to cut bone surfaces to mechanical control bleeding.

Septoplasty

A corrective surgical procedure performed on the nasal septum to alleviate airway obstruction.

Retrobulbar Block

An ophthalmic regional anesthetic injection administered behind the globe of the eye into the muscle cone.

Malignant Hyperthermia

A life-threatening hypermetabolic reaction triggered by certain inhalation anesthetics or succinylcholine, requiring immediate emergency intervention.

Ligament of Treitz

The suspensory muscle/ligament marking the anatomical boundary between the duodenum and the jejunum.

Ampulla of Vater

The anatomical dilatation formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct at the duodenum.

Hepatic Flexure

The right colic flexure where the ascending colon turns left into the transverse colon, located inferior to the liver.

Splenic Flexure

The left colic flexure where the transverse colon turns downward into the descending colon, located near the spleen.