Small Animal Head and Neck

A. Occipital

B. Parietal

C. Frontal

E. Zygomatic

F. Maxillary

Label A, B, C, E, F

Normal canine occlusions

What is this an example of?

towards the midline

Mesial means?

towards the lips

Labial means?

pertaining to the cheek

Buccal means?

towards the tongue

Lingual means?

pertaining to the palate or roof of the mouth

Palatal means?

28, No molars.

How many deciduous teeth do dogs have?

42

How many permanent teeth do dogs have?

2

3

Dogs have ___ maxillary molars and ____ mandibular molars?

6 w

When should deciduous teeth be finished?

3-5m

When should the permanent canine incisors erupt

4-6m

When should the permanent canine canines erupt?

4-5M

When should the permanent canine premolars erupt?

5-7m

When should permanent canine molars erupt?

Maxillary 4th PM

Mandibular 1st M

What are the carnassial teeth?

26 (3 Maxillary PM 2 mandibular pm)

Cats will have how many deciduous teeth?

30, (small maxillary molar, large mandibular molar)

How many permanent teeth will cats have?

3.5-5.5 M

When are permanent incisors of a cat going to erupt?

5.5-6.5 M

When are permanent canines of a cat going to erupt?

4-5 M

When are permanent premolar of a cat going to erupt?

5-6M

When are permanent molars of a cat going to erupt?

Infraorbital canal, blocks feeling from incisors - P3 to the midline of the maxilla

Where do we insert a rostral maxillary block what does its numb?

Behind the last molar numbing ipsilateral side to the maxillary midline

Where is a caudal maxillary block given?

Safer, protects the eyes, may be better to actually reach the nerves

Why might we use a modified caudal maxillary block using the infraorbital canal?

Mental foramen

Blocks 2nd (maybe 3rd) to the incisors

Where we give a rostral mandibular block?

Interior alveolar entier side of the mandibule

Where do we give the caudal mandibular block? What does it numb?

Mandibular notch

Lateral campus of the eye

What are the landmarks for a caudal mandibular block?

condylar process of mandible and mandibular fossa of temporal bone

What makes up the TMJ?

In hospital never send home w/ O

A nasogastric tube should only be done?

common passageway for food and air

What is the pharynx?

Orange: Cricoid arch

Green: Corniculate process

Blue: Cuneiform process

Purple: Vocal folds

Pink: Epiglottis

Label the image?

Recurrent laryngeal n. from the vagus n.

What nerve is affected w/ laryngeal paralysis?

Most laryngeal muscles are affected gut Cricoarytenoideus dorsals is most affected.

What muscle is affected most w/ laryngeal paralysis?

one side of the cricoarytenoid is sutured leaving the airway open an increases risk of regurgitation and aspiration pneumonia

What are risks of cricoarytenoid lateralization?

Stenotic nares

Elongated soft palate

Hypoplastic trachea

Everted laryngeal saccules

What are things that can cause Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome?

Alar fold

What is the movable portion of the canine nares?

Stenotic nares

What is this?

Everted laryngeal saccules

What is this image depicting?

Chronic increased resp effort resulting in soft tissues between vocal folds protruding

What causes everted laryngeal saccules

Can indicate a hyperthyroid cat due to increased size of thyroid

What is a thyroid slip test going to tell us?

Carcinomas/ malignant

Dogs tend to have what kind of thyroid masses if they are enlarged?

2, 2

An animal will have _ external and __ internal parathyroid glands?

Maintain Ca levels in the blood

What is PTH going to do?

Vagosympathetic trunk, carotid artery

What is found in the carotid sheath?

Sublingual and mandibular glands

What are the two mandibular salivary glands?

Parotid and zygomatic

What are the two salivary glands of the maxilla?

Upper neck,

Pharynx

Cervical mucocele will have swelling in the ____?

Pharangeal mucocele will have swelling in the ___?

Ranula

What can a sublingual mucocele be called?

Lingofacial

Maxillary

What two major veins go through the parotid and mandibular salivary glands?

L shaped

Gentle sloped that is more sensitive

Dogs will have ____ shaped ear canal and cats will have a ____ shaped ear canal that is more ____?

Ototoxicity

Cats ears are at a higher risk of what?

median and intermediate and lateral articular branch

What are the two arteries in the ear we must be careful not to ligate when doing a aural hematoma repair?

Benign inflammatory growth that comes out of the middle ear either into the oropharynx or the tympanic membrane

What is a nasopharyngeal polyps?

third eyelid

What is the nictitating membrane?

Lacrimal gland (dorsalateral)

Nasolacrimal duct (medial)

What produces tears, what drains them?

No blink in menace response

Doesn't follow cotton ball

Bumps into objects

What sign might we see if CN II was not working?

Atrophy of the temporalis, mass ester muscles,

Decreased jaw tension/ dropped jaw unable to close mouth

Struggles to eat/ chew

What might we see if CN V is damaged?

Facial drooping on one side, drooling and unable to blink

What might we see w/ CN VII damage?

Deafness,

Head tilt

Nystagmus

What might we see if we have damage to CN VIII?