Invasion and Victory

What were duchies or counties known as?

fiefs

Who swore loyalty to the king?

vassals

Which was one of the strongest fiefs in France?

Normandy

Who was the Vikings’ first leader in Normandy?

Rollo the Walker

What year did Rollo become a vassal?

911

What year was William the Bastard born?

1028

What were chevaliers?

knights

What did knights receive in return to swearing an oath of loyalty?

land

What were most castles built using?

timber

What are the two types of main castles?

• ‘ringwork castle’- ‘bailey’ surrounded by a ditch, earthwork bank with a wooden fence

• ‘motte and bailey castle’- motte on top of a manmade bailey and a ‘keep’ at the top

Who were the main claimants to the throne?

• Harold Godwinson

• Harald Hardrada

• Edgar Aelthing

• William the Conqueror

When was the Battle of Fulford?

20th Sept 1066

When was the Battle of Stamford Bridge?

25th Sept 1066

When was the Battle of Hastings?

14th Oct 1066

When and why did Harold disband the fyrd before the Battle of Fulford?

8 Sept 1066- he believed William would have to bring crops from France and men were desperately needed on the farm

Who did Tostig return with at the Battle of Fulford?

Harald Hardrada

Who did Harold Godwinson defeat at the Battle of Fulford?

Edwin (Earl of Mercia) and Morcar (Earl of Northumbria)

How many ships with Hardrada’s son return with?

24