NS Part 2 G8 CAPS

What does the lens do?

Changes shape to focus light onto the retina.

What is accommodation?

The lens changing shape to focus on near or far objects.

What do rods detect?

Dim light and movement.

What do cones detect?

Colour and fine detail.

What carries visual impulses to the brain?

The optic nerve.

What causes short-sightedness?

Light focusing in front of the retina.

What causes long-sightedness?

Light focusing behind the retina.

What is fertilisation?

The fusion of a sperm cell and an egg cell.

What is a zygote?

The cell formed when sperm and egg combine.

Where does the fetus develop?

Inside the uterus.

What is photosynthesis?

The process where plants make food using CO₂, water and sunlight.

Where does photosynthesis occur?

In the chloroplasts.

What does respiration release?

Energy from glucose.

How are photosynthesis and respiration connected?

Photosynthesis stores energy; respiration releases it.

What is an ecosystem?

A community of organisms interacting with their environment.

What are producers?

Organisms that make their own food.

What are consumers?

Organisms that eat other organisms.

What are decomposers?

Organisms that break down dead matter.

What is a food chain?

A sequence showing energy transfer between organisms.

What is a food web?

Interconnected food chains.