Atomic Theory and Matter Review

Flashcards covering atomic structure, the periodic table organization, classification of matter, and physical/chemical properties and changes.

The __________ is the smallest unit of an element that has properties of the element.

atom

Both protons ($p^{+}$) and neutrons ($n^{0}$) are located in the __________ of an atom.

nucleus

The relative mass of a proton ($p^{+}$) is __________.

$$1836$$

The relative mass of a neutron ($n^{0}$) is __________.

$$1837$$

Electrons ($e^{-}$) are located in __________ surrounding the nucleus.

energy shells

Elements on the periodic table are listed according to their mass, which corresponds to the number of __________.

protons

Horizontal rows on the periodic table are called __________, while vertical columns are called groups or families.

periods

__________ are charged atoms that have lost or gained electrons ($e^{-}$).

Ions

A positive ion is called a(n) __________, while a negative ion is called a(n) anion.

cation

An atom is electrically __________ because it has an equal number of protons ($p^{+}$) and electrons ($e^{-}$).

neutral

Matter is anything that has __________ and __________.

mass; volume

Specific to the lecture notes, __________ is not considered matter.

Energy

In __________ substances, all particles are identical.

Pure

__________ are pure substances made of two or more elements bonded together that can only be broken in chemical reactions.

Compounds

In a __________ mixture, different substances are visible.

heterogenous

In a __________ mixture, different substances are not visible.

homogenous

Density, colour, odor, conductivity, and boiling point are examples of __________ properties of matter.

physical

Reactivity, flammability, and corrosion are examples of __________ properties of matter.

chemical

During a __________ change, no new substance is created.

physical

A __________ change involves breaking or forming chemical bonds to create a new substance.

chemical

Four indicators of a chemical change include gas formation, change in energy (heat, light), colour change, and the formation of a __________.

precipitate