Matter In Our Surroundings

Flashcards with vocabulary and definitions related to matter and its properties, based on the provided lecture notes.

Matter

Anything in the universe that occupies space and has mass.

Panch Tatva

Early Indian philosophers classified matter into five basic elements: air, earth, fire, sky, and water.

Mass

The amount of substance in an object.

Volume

The amount of space that a substance or object occupies.

Particles of Matter

Matter is composed of small, discrete units.

Space Between Particles

Particles of matter have spaces between them, allowing for the mixing of different substances.

Particles are Continuously Moving

The particles of matter are in constant motion.

Kinetic Energy

The energy possessed by particles due to their motion.

Diffusion

The intermixing of particles of two different types of matter on their own.

Attraction Between Particles

Particles of matter attract each other; the strength of this attraction varies.

States of Matter

One of the distinct forms that matter takes, commonly solid, liquid, and gas.

Solid State

Having a definite shape, distinct boundaries, and a fixed volume; resists compression.

Liquid State

Having a fixed volume but no definite shape; takes the shape of its container and can flow.

Gaseous State

Having no fixed shape or volume; highly compressible and diffuses rapidly.

Sublimation

The process where a solid changes directly into a gas without passing through the liquid state.

Deposition

The process where a gas changes directly into a solid without passing through the liquid state.

Vaporization

The change of a substance from the liquid phase to the gaseous phase.

Evaporation

The process where a liquid changes into a gas below its boiling point.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid starts boiling at atmospheric pressure.

Humidity

The amount of water vapor present in the air.

Latent Heat of Fusion

The heat energy required to change 1 kg of a solid into a liquid at atmospheric pressure at its melting point.

Latent Heat of Vaporization

The heat energy required to change 1 kg of a liquid to gas at atmospheric pressure at its boiling point.