Mughal Empire

What do the Mughals claim about their ancestry?

The Mughals claimed to be descendants of Genghis Khan from their mother’s side and of Timur from their father’s side.

What did the Mughals claim about their ancestry?

The Mughals claimed to be descendants of Genghis Khan from their mother’s side and of Timur from their father’s side.

The Mughals claimed to be the descendants of Genghis Khan from their mother’s side and of __________ from their father’s side.

Timur.

Who were the Mughal emperors claimed to be descendants of?

The Mughals claimed to be descendants of Genghis Khan from their mother’s side and of Timur from their father’s side.

What does the name 'Mughal' derive from?

The name Mughal is derived from the word Mongol.

Who was the first Mughal Emperor?

Babur was the first Mughal Emperor, ascending the throne at Farghana.

What significant battle did Babur win to establish Mughal rule?

Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, establishing Mughal rule in India.

What were the key victories of Babur after establishing rule in India?

Babur defeated Rana Sangha of Mewar at the battle of Khanwa in 1527 and the Rajputs at Chanderi in 1528.

Who succeeded Babur as the Mughal Emperor?

Humayun succeeded his father Babur as the Mughal Emperor in 1530.

What challenges did Humayun face during his reign?

Humayun faced hostilities from his brothers and had to battle against the united Afghans led by Sher Khan.

What was the outcome of Humayun's rule in 1555?

Humayun re-established Mughal rule in Delhi and Agra in 1555 but died shortly after in 1556.

How did Sher Shah affect Mughal history?

Sher Shah defeated Humayun and established the Sur Dynasty with significant administrative reforms and the introduction of the Rupiya.

What major sources document Akbar's reign?

The major sources are Akbarnama and Aini-Akbari, written by Abul Fazl.

When was Akbar's coronation?

Akbar was crowned in 1556 CE.

What was one of Akbar's significant military victories?

Akbar's significant victory was in the Second Battle of Panipat against Hemu and the Afghan forces in 1556.

What areas did Akbar successfully expand the Mughal Empire to?

Akbar expanded the empire to Gujarat, Bihar, Bengal, Kandahar, Kabul, Kashmir, and Sindh.

What was Akbar's approach to the Rajputs?

Akbar tried to win over the Rajputs, marrying Jodha Bai and incorporating Rajput kings into Mughal service.

What initiated the hostilities between the Mughals and Rana Pratap?

The Mughals, under Akbar, captured Chittor in 1568 and sought to subjugate Rana Pratap's territories.

Who was Jahangir?

Jahangir was the son of Akbar and came to the throne in 1605, known for his love of justice and art.

What significant events took place during Jahangir's reign?

Jahangir's reign saw revolts, the martyrdom of Guru Arjan Singh, and visits from European ambassadors like William Hawkins and Sir Thomas Roe.

Who succeeded Jahangir?

Shah Jahan, also known as Prince Khurram, succeeded Jahangir after his death in 1628.

What was Shah Jahan known for regarding governance?

Shah Jahan faced revolts and is known for his architectural achievements, including the Taj Mahal.

What was a notable action taken by Aurangzeb during his reign?

Aurangzeb imprisoned his father Shah Jahan and crowned himself, later annexing Bijapur and Golconda.

What marked the decline of the Mughal Empire during Aurangzeb's rule?

The decline was marked by wars, financial strain, and revolts from various groups including the Marathas.

What system did Mughals implement for administrative governance by the end of Akbar's reign?

By the end of Akbar’s reign, a structured administration with specialized officers was established.

Who oversaw military appointments in the Mughal administration?

The Mir Bakshi was in charge of the military and managed appointments of mansabdars.

What was the role of the Diwan-i-kul?

The Diwan-i-kul was in charge of revenue and finance in the Mughal administration.

What was the significance of the Jagirdari system?

The Jagirdari system managed land grants to nobles (jagirdars) but faced crises due to its inefficiency over time.

What led to the crisis in the Mughal Empire’s administration in Aurangzeb's time?

The increasing financial strain from wars in the Deccan and corruption among nobles led to administrative inefficiency.

What was Nadir Shah’s contribution to the decline of the Mughal Empire?

Nadir Shah’s invasion in 1739 significantly weakened the power of the Mughal Empire.

What notable changes did Aurangzeb make regarding religious policies?

Aurangzeb reimposed the Jazia tax on Hindus, which contributed to rising discontent.

What geographical changes occurred during Shah Jahan's reign?

Shah Jahan annexed regions such as Kamarupa in Assam and brought the Nizam Shahi Dynasty under Mughal control.

How did Aurangzeb's long rule influence the Mughal Empire?

Though he ruled longer than his predecessors, his policies could not prevent the decline of the empire.

What role did the Subadar play in the Mughal administration?

The Subadar was the governor of a province, responsible for welfare and maintaining law and order.

How did factionalism impact the Mughal Empire post-Aurangzeb?

Factionalism among nobles after Aurangzeb’s death contributed to the fragmentation and decline of the empire.

What was the impact of Aurangzeb's death on the Mughal Empire?

The war of succession after Aurangzeb's death highlighted the weakening authority of the Mughal rulers.

What was the structure of Mughal administration by the end of Akbar's reign?

By the end of Akbar's reign, the Mughal administration had a formal structure with officers for various functions.

What was the significance of the Imperial court during Aurangzeb's time?

The imperial court saw power struggles among the Irani, Turani, Deccani, and Hindustani nobles, affecting administration.

What historical significance does the Mughal Empire hold?

The Mughal Empire is significant for its cultural, architectural, and administrative contributions to the Indian subcontinent.

What was a significant event that established Mughal rule in India?

The significant event that established Mughal rule in India was Babur's victory over Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526.