Predicted questions on US GOV test friday

What is political culture?

The shared beliefs and values citizens have about what government should be like, what it should do, and how it should act.

What is political ideology?

A person's ideas about what government should do and what policies it should have.

What is the difference between political culture and political ideology?

Political culture is the shared beliefs of a society; political ideology is a person's particular ideas about government and policy.

What are the major characteristics of American political culture?

Liberty, equality, individualism, civic duty, political efficacy, and political tolerance.

What is liberty?

The freedom to make choices and live your life without unnecessary government restrictions.

What is equality?

The belief that people should have an equal opportunity or chance to succeed.

What is equity?

Adjusting support or resources based on individual needs so people facing different barriers can have a fair opportunity or outcome.

What is individualism?

The belief that individuals should have freedom and responsibility for themselves.

What is civic duty?

A person's sense of responsibility or obligation to contribute to their community and country.

What is political efficacy?

The belief that you can influence government and that government will listen or respond to citizens.

What is political tolerance?

The willingness to allow people with different political beliefs to hold and express those beliefs.

What is Americanism?

The American way of life.

What is American exceptionalism?

The belief that the United States is distinctive or unique compared with other countries.

What is consensus?

General or widespread agreement among a group of people.

What is contention?

Disagreement or conflict over political ideas, policies, or issues.

What is American consensus?

The idea that Americans can share broad political values while still being comfortable with disagreement and political contention.

Which country did the teacher use as an example of high political consensus?

Japan.

How does American political tolerance compare with other countries?

Americans tend to be relatively tolerant of political disagreement and are comfortable with the idea of agreeing to disagree.

How does American political efficacy compare with other countries?

Americans tend to have relatively high confidence that they can influence government.

What is class consciousness?

Awareness of and identification with one's social or economic class.

describe American class consciousness compared with other countries?

Americans tend to be less class-conscious than people in some other countries.

describe American trust in public institutions?

Americans are relatively trusting of public institutions, but trust has declined since the Watergate era of the 1970s.

How does American civic duty compare with other countries?

Americans have a relatively strong sense of civic duty.

Who was Alexis de Tocqueville?

A French political thinker who studied American democracy and society.

What did Tocqueville observe about America?

He studied American cities, factories, churches, and society to understand American democracy and political culture.

What famous idea about America did Tocqueville express?

He connected America's greatness with the country's character and moral or civic qualities.

What is Alexis De Tocqueville say?

America is great because it is good, when America ceases to be good it ceases to be great

What is capitalism?

An economic system in which private individuals and businesses own property and businesses, with markets playing a major role in economic decisions.

What is socialism?

An economic and political approach involving greater government involvement in the economy and efforts to reduce economic inequality.

What is communism?

An ideology and economic system associated with abolishing private ownership of productive property and extensive government control of the economy.

What is traditionalism?

Emphasizing established traditions, customs, and customary ways of organizing society and economic life.

If individuals and private businesses own most property, what economic system is this?

Capitalism.

If an economic system emphasizes greater government involvement and reducing economic inequality, what is it?

Socialism.

If an economic system emphasizes abolishing private ownership and extensive government control, what is it?

Communism.

If an idea emphasizes customs, traditions, and maintaining established ways, what is it?

Traditionalism.

What is a bull market?

A market characterized by generally rising prices and optimism.

What is a bear market?

A market characterized by generally falling prices and pessimism.

How do you remember bull market vs. bear market?

Bull = UP; Bear = DOWN.

What did Karl Marx focus on?

Class inequality, ownership of productive property, and economic organization; his ideas strongly influenced communist and socialist movements.

What is the difference between equality and equity?

Equality gives people the same opportunity or treatment; equity adjusts support according to different needs to create a fair opportunity or outcome.

What does it mean to be a democracy?

A democracy requires values such as liberty, equality, individualism, civic duty and competence, political efficacy, and political tolerance.

What does political efficacy mean in simple words?

Believing that your voice can make a difference in government.

What does political tolerance mean?

Being willing to let people disagree with you politically.

What does civic duty mean in?

Doing your part to help your community and country.

What does American exceptionalism mean?

Believing America is different or unique compared with other countries.