Key Vocabulary – Komunikasyon at Pananaliksik sa Wika at Kulturang Pilipino (G11)

A comprehensive set of English vocabulary flashcards summarizing essential linguistic, cultural, and research terms introduced throughout the Grade 11 Filipino subject ‘Komunikasyon at Pananaliksik sa Wika at Kulturang Pilipino.’

Arbitraryo

Spoken sounds in a language chosen and arranged by collective agreement of its users.

Behikulo

A vehicle or medium (spoken or written) used to convey ideas.

Saligang-Batas (Constitution)

The fundamental principles or established precedents governing a state or organization.

Wika (Language)

A systematic arrangement of selected and arbitrarily ordered spoken sounds used by people sharing a culture.

Lingua Franca

A language or dialect used for communication between groups with different native tongues.

Probisyon (Provision)

A legal clause authorizing a specific act or condition.

Unang Wika (L1)

The first language acquired from birth; mother tongue.

Pangalawang Wika (L2)

A language learned after the mother tongue and used with growing skill.

Ikatlong Wika (L3)

A third language learned as one’s linguistic world expands.

Monolingguwalismo

Policy or ability to use only one language in a country or context.

Bilingguwalismo

Fluency in two languages; use of both in various situations.

Balanced Bilingual

A person equally proficient in two languages in all contexts.

Multilingguwalismo

Ability to understand and use three or more languages, including Filipino, English, and native tongues.

MTB-MLE

Mother Tongue–Based Multilingual Education program using L1 as medium and subject in early grades.

Homogenous Language

A linguistic situation where only one language is used by all speakers.

Heterogenous Language

Language marked by variations due to social factors like age, job, or region.

Barayti ng Wika (Language Variety)

Any form or version of a language differing in vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation.

Dayalek (Dialect)

Variety based on geographical area such as province or region.

Idyolek (Idiolect)

An individual’s unique way of speaking.

Sosyolek (Sociolect)

Variety shaped by social class or group, e.g., gay lingo, conyo speak.

Etnolek (Ethnolect)

Vocabulary reflecting identity of an ethnolinguistic group.

Register

Language variety tailored to situation, topic, or audience formality.

Jargon

Specialized terms used by a professional or expert group.

Pidgin

‘Nobody’s native language’—a simplified makeshift tongue for trade between groups.

Creole

A pidgin that becomes a community’s first language with full grammar.

Instrumental Function

Language used to satisfy needs (e.g., advertising a product).

Regulatoryo Function

Language used to control or direct behaviour (e.g., instructions).

Interaksiyonal Function

Language maintaining social interaction (e.g., chatting, joking).

Personal Function

Language expressing opinions or feelings (e.g., diary writing).

Heuristiko Function

Language for seeking information (e.g., interviewing, researching).

Impormatibo Function

Language for giving information (e.g., reports, teaching).

Emotive (Expressive)

Use of language to reveal feelings or emotions.

Conative (Persuasive)

Language intended to influence or command others.

Phatic

Language that opens, closes, or maintains communication (e.g., ‘Hello?’).

Referential

Language conveying factual information from sources.

Metalingual

Language used to discuss or clarify language itself.

Poetic

Aesthetic, figurative, or creative use of language.

FlipTop

Filipino rap‐battle debate resembling modern balagtasan, often informal.

Pick-up Line

Humorous question–answer statement linking an object to affection.

Hugot Line

Emotion-laden statement or quote about love or life, often witty or ‘cheesy’.

Code Switching

Alternating between two languages within a conversation or text.

Kinesika (Kinesics)

Study of body movements as non-verbal communication.

Pictics

Analysis of facial expressions conveying messages.

Oculesics

Study of eye movements and contact in communication.

Vocalics

Non-lexical vocal elements (tone, pitch, sighs) affecting meaning.

Haptics

Communication through touch (handshake, tap, hug).

Proxemics

Use of personal space and distance in interaction.

Chronemics

Role of time (punctuality, pacing) in communication.

Thesis Statement

Central claim a research paper will prove or discuss.

Bibliography

Alphabetical list of all sources cited or consulted in research.

Tuwirang Sinipi (Direct Quote)

Exact words copied from a source enclosed in quotation marks.

Hawig (Paraphrase)

Restatement of original text using different words and similar length.

Buod (Summary)

Condensed restatement of main ideas in much shorter form.