mid term review (chapter 55,

Carbohydrate

Provide two-thirds of a persons daily energy needs. Heat provide heat and metabolize fat.

How much water should a person consume per day

6 to 8 glasses per day

Why do patients with cancer need extra protein

They must regenerate cells destroyed by the cancer and its treatment

Which of the following is NOT a system of anorexia

Purging

Why is the medical assistant a good resource for educating patients about nutrition

Medical assistant have a lot of contact with patients

One difference between bulimia and binge eating disorder

A person with binge eating disorder does not purge.

Optical percentage of body fat for males younger than 50

10% to 14%

The human body requires nutrients from food to

Build, repair and maintain body tissues

What is the most important function of proteins?

Building and repairing cells and tissue

Which of the following is the definition of a calorie

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1c

Polysaccharides are also called

Complex carbohydrates

What is the function of fiber?

It serves important digestive functions.

• increasing and softening the stool

• Absorbing organic wastes and toxins in the body that can be expelled

• Decreasing the rate of carbohydrate breakdown and absorption

Daily fiber intake recommendation for an adult

14 grams for every 1,000 calories.

Ways to reduce cholesterol

Increasing exercise, intake soluble fiber and decrease dietary intake of saturated fats.

Function of calcium

Builds healthy bones and teeth, aids in blood clotting and helps nerves and muscles function properly.

Other name for vitamin B

Thiamine

What mineral works with Vitamin E

Selenium

Function of vitamin E

Aid in the formation of red blood cells; maintains cell structure; intracellular antioxidant

Sodium (Na)

Maintains fluid and acid-base balances, assists in the transport of glucose and mains normal conditions inside and outside cells.

Different types of diets

Clear liquid diet, soft diet, pureed diet, bland diet, exclusion diet

Clear-liquid diet

Food you can see through, such as tea, broth, non citrus juices, clear carbonated beverages.

Soft diet

Foods that are way to chew, swallow and digest. Foods that patients cannot tolerate those high in fiber are eliminated from this diet.

Strabismus

A deviation of on eye with misaligned or unbalanced eye muscle making it appear if they are looking in different directions.

Cataracts

Cloudy or opaque area in clear lens of eye.

What is a Snellen eye chart used for?

Common screening tool for distance vision

Different tests used to test color blindness

Ishihara color test and Richmond pseudoisochromic color test

Disorders of external eye structures

Belpharitis, ptosis, Sty

Disorders of structures at the front of the eye

Conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers & abrasions

Disorders involving internal eye structures

Cataracts, glaucoma and uveitis

Tinnitus

ringing of the ears

Medical assistant’s responsibility pertaining the eyes

Dispensing medications and explaining their use may administer eye medications. Educate patients how to check medication labels carefully.

Opthamologist

Specialized in the medical and surgical eye problems

Proper way to apply topical medication to the eye

Wash hands, tilt head back, stretch down, blink and wipe

Different ways of collect urine

Random, first morning, clean catch midstream, timed, 24-hour

Random urine specimen

Most common type of sample;

Different types of catheters

Splinting and drainage catheters

Splinting Catheters

Inserted after plastic repair of the ureter and must retain in place for at least a week after surgery

Drainage Catheters

Used to withdraw fluids. Types include:

• indwelling urethral

• Retention catheter

• Ureteral catheter

• cystotomy tube

• Straight catheter

Why could glucose be found in urine?

It may indicate the possibility of gestational diabetes in pregnant women.

Anuria

The absence of urine production

Proper way to test for ketones

Determined using a reagent strip test. Ketones evaporate at room temperature. Cover the specimen immediately and refrigerate it until testing is done.

Urine output level for an adult

1,250 milliliters or approximately 5 cups per 24 hours

When should you test for nitrites

First morning specimen

What foods can change color/smell of urine

Asparagus and garlic

Whole blood

Contains formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets) and fluid portion (plasma)

Methods for drawing blood

What test is done with a green stopper?

Electrolyte studies(Lithium heparin only) and arterial blood gases

Gout

What does the red blood cell count look for?

Normal sodium level

136-145 mEq/L

Glucose tolerance test

Measures the patients ability to metabolize carbohydrates and is used to detect hypoglycemia and do mellitus. The patient must eat a high-carbohydrate diet for 3 days before test and fast for 8 to 12 hours before appointment. Before you draw for blood for any test determine whether the patient had complied with pre test instructions.

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

The rate at which red blood cells, the heaviest blood component, settle to the bottom of blood sample.

Virus

The smallest known infectious agents and cannot be seen with a regular microscope are the cause of common illnesses and conditions.

Gram stain

Most common staining procedure. This method of staining uses a group of dyes and decolonizes to differentiate bacteria

Definition of a calorie

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius

Polysaccharides are also called

Complex carbohydrates

How much water should a person consume per day

6 to 8 glasses per day

Why do patients with cancer need extra protein?

They must regenerate cells destroyed by the cancer and it’s treatment

Which is not a symptom of anorexia

Purging

What is the optimal prevent age of body fat for males younger than age 50

10% to 14%

The human body requires nutrients from food to

Build, repair and maintain body tissue

What is the most important function of proteins

Building and repairing cell and tissue

How much of a persons daily energy needs are provided by carbohydrates

2/3

Which of the following is NOT a reason why a physician would prescribe a low- sodium diet

Infection

A skin fold test is preformed by

measuring the thickness of a fold of skin with a caliper

If you are assisting a parent with urine collection:

wash tour hands and wear gloves.

What kind of container should a patient use if he/she has to collect a urine specimen at home

A container provided by the physicians office

What is the most common type of urine specimen

Random

When should urine specimens be process

Within 1 hr of collection