Heart Review Anatomy

Which side of the heart is oxygenated?

Left

Which side of the heart is deoxygenated?

Right

Which artery is dexygenated?

pulmonary artery

which vein is oxygenated?

pulmonary vein

List the blood flow starting from the vena cavas

superior/inferior vena cava> right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta

What is 2?

pulmonary valve

What is 5?

trabeculae carnae

What is 6?

papillary muscle

what is 7, 8, and 9?

7. endocardium

8. myocardium

9. epicardium

What is 12?

chordae tendinae

What type of valves are the tricuspid and mitral valve?

atrioventricular valves

How can atriventricular valves be characterized? what does it connect?

it connects the atria to the ventricles

What is another term for mitral valve?

Bicuspid valve

What types of valve is aortic and pulmonary valves?

Semilunar valve

How can semilunar valves be characterized?

located between ventricles and main arteries

Which side of the heart is responsible for the systemic circulation?

Left side

Which side of the heart is responsible for the pulmonary circulation?

Right side

What are the left and right side of the heart separated by?

cardiac septum

What node of the cardiac excitation sequence has the fastest pacemaker cells out of all the cardiomyocytes?

SA node

What node of the cardiac excitation sequence stimulates internodal pathways?

SA node

Where is the SA node located?

The point where the superior vena cava enters the right atrium

What comes after the SA node>

Internodal pathways

What conducts the action potential of the SA node through gap juncctions?

internodal pathways

What node stimulates atrial contraction and AV node?

Internodal pathways

What comes after the internodal pathways?

AV node

Which node has slower pacemaker cells to allow time for the atrial refractory period?

AV node

What happens if the SA node does not stimulate the contractile cells?

AV node may initiate stimulus

What comes after the AV node?

Atrioventricular bundle of HIS

What part of the cardiac excitation sequence conducts action potential of AV node into the interventricular septum?

Atriventricular bundle of HIS

What side of the bundle branch carries to the apex of the left ventricle?

Left bundle branch

What side of the bundle branch carries to the apex of the right ventricle?

right bundle branch

What stimulates the purkinje fibers?

the left and right bundle branches

What are purkinje fibers caused by?

a high proportion of intercalated disks

Which part of the cardiac excitation sequence carry stimulus to the ventricular cardiac muscle cells>

purkinje fibers

What is a thrombus?

is a blood clot that abnormally forms somewhere within the circulation.

What happens when it extends into the open lumen of the blood vessel, and the thrombus reduces blood flow downstream? what is it called?

occlusion

What is an ischemia?

When a coronary artery becomes occluded and the heart doesn’t receive enough blood

What is the result of ischemia?

angia pectoris

What is it called when a part of a thrombus breaks off and moves through the circulation?

embolus

Does the embolus cause an occlusion eventually?

yes