Anatomy: Chapter 1

What is anatomy?

the study of body structure and the relationships among its parts

What is an physiology?

The study of body function

What is biology?

The scientific study of life

What does the word anatomy literally mean?

To cut apart

What is dissection?

Cutting apart the body to study its structures

What is gross anatomy?

Study of body structures visible to the naked eyed

What is microscopic anatomy?

study of structures requiring magnification

What is cytology?

The study of cells

What is histology?

The study of tissues

What is developmental anatomy?

Study of growth and development

What is pathological anatomy?

Study of diseased body structures

What is systemic anatomy?

Study of the body by organ systems

What is a cadaver?

A dead body used for anatomical study

What is science?

A style of inquiry that attempts to understand nature in a rational and logical manner

What is a hypothesis?

a proposed explanation that can be tests

What are controlled experiments?

Experiments desired to eliminate outside influences and biases

When may a hypothesis become a theory?

When repeated observations and experiments support it

What is a scientific theory?

An explanation supported by extensive evidence.

What happens when experiments do not support a hypothesis?

new hypotheses are developed and tested

What is science considered dynamic?

Because scientific ideas change as new evidence is discovered

What are the three ways physiology can be subdivided

by organism, organizational level, or body function

What is neurophysiology?

Study of nervous system function

What is respiratory physiology?

study of breathing and gas exchange

What is cardiovascular physiology?

study of heart and blood vessel function

Why are many scientific terms based on Greek and Latin?

Early scientists communicated using those languages

What is an eponym?

A term derived from a person’s name

What is Terminologia Anatomical (TA)?

The international standard list of anatomical terminology

What is Terminologia Histologica (TH)?

the standard terminology for microscopic anatomy

What is autopoiesis?

self-making or self-maintaining

What is cell theory?

Living organisms are composed of one or more cells

What is responsiveness?

ability to sense and respond to internal and external changes

What is conductivity?

ability of cells to transmit electrical signals

What is growth?

Increase in cell number and size

What is respiration

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

What is metabolism?

the sum of all physical and chemical reactions occurring in the body

What is digestion?

breakdown of food into absorbable substances

What is absorption?

Movement of substances through membranes into body fluids

What is secretion?

production and release of substances such as hormones and digestive juices

What is excretion?

removal of waste products

What is circulation?

movement of body fluids through vessels

What is reproduction?

formation of new offpsring