SCIE1000 Introduction to Chemistry - Lecture Notes

What is an isotope?

Isotopes are variants of a chemical element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers.

What is the half-life in radioactivity?

Half-life is the time required for half of the nuclei in a radioactive sample to decay, commonly measured in becquerels (Bq).

What are the types of radiation?

The types of radiation include alpha (α), beta (β), and gamma (γ), each with distinct properties and effects.

What is the law of conservation of mass?

The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction; the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.

What influences reaction rates?

Factors affecting reaction rates include concentration of reactants, temperature, physical state, and the presence of catalysts.

What is a saturated solution?

A saturated solution contains the maximum concentration of solute that can be dissolved at a specific temperature.