603: Oral Cavity and Pharynx

incisive canal

identify the structure:

alveolar bone

the bone that surrounds the roots of the teeth. It forms the bony sockets that support and protect the roots of the teeth

horizontal plate of palatine bone

identify the structure:

medial pterygoid plate

identify the structure:

lateral pterygoid plate

identify the structure:

palatine process of maxilla

identify the structure:

greater palatine foramen

identify the structure:

lesser palatine foramen

identify the structure:

hamulus

identify the structure:

mandibular foramen

identify the structure:

genial spines

identify the structure:

mylohyoid groove

identify the structure:

mental foramen

identify the structure:

mandibular tori

identify the structure:

mandibular tori

which osseous bony growth is associated with bruxism?

torus palatinus

identify the structure:

torus palatinus

which osseous bony growth is associated with hereditary and maybe trauma and diet?

incisive papilla

identify the structure:

palatine raphe

identify the structure:

transverse palatine folds (palatine rugae)

identify the structure:

palatine tonsils

identify the structure:

palatine tonsils, lingual tonsils, pharyngeal tonsils

surface (oral = stratified squamous, non-keratinized vs nasal = respiratory epitheleum)

what are the different types of tonsils? what are the differences?

Hemorrhage is a common concern with tonsillectomy

the vascular supply of tonsils are robust. therefore, what medical complication is a common concern?

palatoglossal arch

identify the structure:

palatopharyngeal arch

identify the structure:

CN V
CN VII
CN IX
CN X
CN XII

what cranial nerves are relevant to the oral cavity/pharynx?

CN X

innervation for levator veli palatini

CN X

innervation for palatopharyngeus

CN X

innervation for palatoglossus

CN X

innervation for uvula

CN V (only soft palate muscle NOT innervated by CN X)

innervation for tensor veli palatini

levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
palatopharyngeus
palatoglossus
uvula

list the 5 muscles of the soft palate:

palatoglossus m.

identify the structure:

palatoglossus m.

muscle actions:
-elevates tongue, pulls down soft palate
- sealing oropharynx
-velar consonants (e.g. "K" sound)
-isolates vestibule saliva
-assists in swallowing

uvula m.

muscle actions:
- uvular consonants (none exist in English language)
-sealing nasopharynx during swallowing
_ can present elongated, shortened or bifid

uvula m.

identify the structure:

tensor veli palatini m.

muscle action: tenses soft palate

tensor veli palatini m.

identify the structure:

levator veli palatini m.

muscle action: elevates soft palate

levator veli palatini m.

identify the structure:

scaphoid fossa

what space does the tensor veli palatini m. and the levator veli palatini m. sit in?

tensor veli palatini m.

what muscles hooks around the hamulus of the pterygoid?

medial pterygoid plate

which pterygoid plate is the hamulus located on?

styloglossus m.
hyoglossus m.
genioglossus m.
palatoglossus m.

list the 4 extrinsic tongue muscles:

styloglossus m.

muscle action: retracts and cups the tongue

CN XII

innervation for styloglossus m.:

styloglossus m.

identify the structure:

hyoglossus m.

identify the structure:

CN XII

innervation for hyloglossus m.:

hyoglossus m.

action: depresses tongue

genioglossus m.

muscle action:protrudes tongue

CN XII

innervation for genioglossus m.:

genioglossus m.

identify the structure:

palatoglossus m.

which of the tongue muscles does not have a bony attachment?

palatoglossus m. (CN X)

which of the tongue muscles is not innervated by CN XII? instead it is innervated by?

CN XII

motor innervation for the tongue is done by:

CN XII

identify the structure:

CN VII

motor innervation for the buccinator m.:

CN VII

motor innervation for obicularis oris m.:

buccinator m.
obicularis oris m.

what two muscles is the musician using?

CN V3

the muscles of mastication are innervated by:

temporalis m.
masseter m.
medial pterygoid m.
lateral pterygoid m.

list the 4 muscles of mastication:

CN V2

sensory innervation for upper lip:

CN V2

sensory innervation for hard and soft palate:

CN V2

sensory innervation for maxillary teeth:

CN V3

sensory innervation for mandibular teeth:

CN V3

sensory innervation for cheeks:

CN V3

sensory innervation for lower lip:

CN V3 (lingual nerve)

what nerve provides general sensation to the anterior 2/3 tongue?

CN VII

what nerve provides taste to the anterior 2/3 tongue?

CN V3

the lingual n. is a branch of:

CN IX

what nerve provides general sensation and taste to the posterior 1/3 tongue?

submandibular duct

what structure crosses over the lingual n.?

lingual n.

identify structure #1

submandibular duct

identify structure #2

sublingual caruncle (opening to submandibular duct)

identify the structure:

submandibular duct

the saliva secreted from this location is from what gland?

parasympathetic

salivary secretion is what type of autonomic function?

CN IX

parasympathetic salivary stimulation of the parotid gland is done by:

CN VII

parasympathetic salivary stimulation of the submandibular, sublingual and all minor salivary glands is done by:

otic ganglion

the cell bodies for postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers for parotid gland salivary secretion are found in the:

submandibular ganglion

the cell bodies for postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers for submandibular/ sublingual gland salivary secretion are found in the:

oropharynx

identify the structure:

soft palate to epiglottis
palatine tonsil
palatopharyngeus m.
superior constrictor m.
middle constrictor m.

what does the oropharynx consist of?

superior pharyngeal constrictor
middle pharyngeal constrictor
inferior pharyngeal constrictor

what are the outer circular layer muscles of the pharynx?

superior pharyngeal constrictor m.

identify the structure:

middle pharyngeal constrictor m.

identify the structure:

inferior pharyngeal constrictor m.

identify the structure:

middle pharyngeal constrictor m.

what muscle wraps into the deep surface of the hyoid bone?

pharyngeal raphe

identify the structure:

pharyngeal tubercle

the pharyngeal raphe suspends from the base of the skull from the:

salpingopharyngeus m.

identify the structure:

CN X

innervation for salpingopharyngeus m.:

palatopharyngeus m.

identify the structure:

CN X

innervation for palatopharyngeus m.:

stylopharyngeus m.

identify the structure:

CN IX

innervation for stylopharyngeus m.

CN IX
CN X

sensory fiber that trigger the gag reflex is done by:

salpingopharyngeus
palatopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus

what are the inner longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

contract sequentially to move food into esophagus

what is the action of the outer circular layer of pharyngeal muscles?