PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

The biological process cells use to build proteins from individual amino acids using instructions encoded in DNA

What is DNA?

A molecule that contains the genetic instructions for making proteins. It is composed of two strands forming a double helix and consists of nucleotide sequences that code for different traits.

What is a gene?

A section of DNA that contains the instructions for making a particular protein.

What is DNA made of?

DNA is made of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

What are the parts of a nucleotide?

A phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, and nitrogenous base.

What are the four DNA bases?

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G).

What are the DNA base-pairing rules?

A pairs with T, and C pairs with G.

What is the structure of DNA?

A double helix made of two complementary strands of nucleotides.

What holds the two DNA strands together?

Hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.

What is the genetic code?

The sequence of bases in DNA that contains instructions for the amino acid sequence of a protein.

What is a triplet

A sequence of three DNA bases that codes for an amino acid.

What is a codon?

A sequence of three consecutive nucleotides (or bases) in a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid or signals the start or stop of protein synthesis.

What is protein synthesis?

The process of using genetic information in DNA to make a protein.