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ion
a particle with a positive or negative charge
when does an ion form?
when an atom loses or gains electrons from its outermost energy level
ionic bond
a force that brings oppositely charged ions together
how do ionic bonds form?
when electrons are transferred from a metal to a nonmetal
examples of ionic bonding
NaCl, CaCo₃
properties of ionic bonds
crystal lattice structure, electrical conductivity, brittleness, and solubility in water.
crystal lattice
a repeating 3d pattern
ionic compounds have ____ melting and boiling points
high
ionic bonds are more likely to ___ than ___.
break; bend
ionic compounds are ___ conductors of electricity.
why are ionic compounds poor conductors of electricity?
because the ions are held tightly in place
Covalent bonds
When atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Molecule
A group of atoms held together by chemical bonds.
covalent compounds
Molecules that contain atoms of more than one element
properties of covalent compounds
low solubility in water, low melting and boiling points, poor electrical conductivity
metallic bond
Forms between metal atoms when their outermost energy levels overlap
Note
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