Chemical Formulas, Ions, and Electrolytes

Vocabulary flashcards identifying polyatomic ions, common inorganic acids, ionic compounds, and electrolyte classifications.

Ammonium

Polyatomic cation with the formula $\text{NH}_4^+$

Hydronium

Polyatomic cation with the formula $\text{H}_3\text{O}^+$

Nitrate

Polyatomic anion with the formula $\text{NO}_3^{1-}$

Sulfate

Polyatomic anion with the formula $\text{SO}_4^{2-}$

Carbonate

Polyatomic anion with the formula $\text{CO}_3^{2-}$

Chlorate

Polyatomic anion with the formula $\text{ClO}_3^-$

Perchlorate

Polyatomic anion with the formula $\text{ClO}_4^{1-}$

Cyanide

Polyatomic anion with the formula $\text{CN}^{1-}$

Hydroxide

Polyatomic anion with the formula $\text{OH}^{1-}$

Bicarbonate

Polyatomic anion with the formula $\text{HCO}_3^{1-}$

Phosphate

Polyatomic anion with the formula $\text{PO}_4^{3-}$

Strong electrolytes

Substances that completely dissociate into ions in aqueous solution.

Weak electrolytes

Substances that only partially dissociate into ions in aqueous solution.

Nonelectrolytes

Substances that do not produce ions when dissolved in water.

$$\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$$

Sulfuric acid, associated with the sulfate ion $\text{SO}_4^{2-}$

$$\text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3$$

Iron(III) oxide, composed of $\text{Fe}^{3+}$ and $\text{O}^{2-}$ ions.