Exercise Science Chapter 21 Review

heterotrophic ossification

gradual deposit of calcium and bone formation; formation of bone following repeated blunt trauma

most common femoral fracture site

femoral neck

legg-perthes disease

avascular necrosis of the femoral head in child ages 4-10; articular cartilage becomes necrotic + flattens

muscles that insert on the greater trochanter

gluteus medius and minimus

hip pointer

contusion of iliac crest

femoral fracture

pain in thigh/groin, swelling/deformity, leg may be shorter, X-ray/bone scan

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

head slippage on X-ray appears posterior + inferior; may be growth hormone related; boys 10-17 who are tall + thin or obese; pain in groin

Piriformis Syndrome

a deep pain in the buttock without low back pain

center of gravity

anterior to the sacrum

longest bone in the body

femur; supports body weight, enables movement, facilitates balance

quadricep movement

jumping, running, kicking movements

most common thigh injury

hamstring strains

thigh contusion

pain, loss of function, swelling, and decreased ROM

sciatica

any pain produced by irritation of the sciatic nerve; irritated by a disk problem, direct trauma, or trauma from surrounding structures; typically attributed to a tight piriformis; more commonly seen in women

Anatomical leg length discrepancy

caused by things present at birth or acquired after brith; can cause problems in all weight bearing joints

functional leg length discrepancy

can be caused by pelvic rotations or malalignment of the spine; can cause hip + knee pain, lower back pain, scoliosis, and other joint issues