STS - Nation Building Module

are interconnected and interdependent

Science and Technology

defined as the study of the nature and the behavior of natural things

Science

study of knowledge

Science

is made into a system, and depends on analyzing and understanding facts

Science

is the application of scientific knowledge that results to the production of tools, machines, goods, and services

Technology

Technology can be a form of…

hardware, software, or method

They drive the progress of human civilization

Science and technology

They induce economic growth and social development, thus playing a significant role in nation-building.

Science and technology

is all about the process of unifying people within a state so that that the state remains politically stable and economically viable

Nation building according to Stephenson 2005

This term is often used simultaneously with state building, democratization, modernization, political development, post conflict reconstruction, and peacebuilding

Nation building

is intertwined with the processes of industrialization, urbanization, and social mobilization

Nation building according to Mylonas 2019

is the process by which an agrarian-based economy is transformed from one based on the manufacturing of goods through factory system and industries.

Industrialization

defined as the process through which society is transformed from one that is predominantly rural in economy to one that is mainly urban

Urbanization

is an important process that allows people and communities to collectively think and act upon their development.

Social Mobilization

Goals of Nation-building…

• To make a country’s economy firm, viable, stable, and prosperous

• Encourage a strong sense of national identity

• Create effective social institution

Components of Nation-building

• Economic Development

• Social Development

• Political Development

• Institutional Development

Components of Nation Building according by?

Stephenson 2005

defined as the process whereby simple, low-income national economies are transformed into modern industrial economies.

Economic Development

Economic development is sometimes used as synonym for…

Economic growth

the use of this can now automate the processes of factories and industries which can result to larger supply/output. (state the component)

Computer technology; Economic development

the use of these aids in greater production using smaller quantity of inputs (state the component)

Modern day technology; Economic development

is about uplifting the well-being of every individual in the society so they can reach their full potential

Social Development

The success of society is related to the…

Well-being of its citizen

have been the solutions to human needs and have provided the engine to propel social improvement

Science and technology

defined as an increase in national political unity, political participation, and political stability

Political development

Who pointed out that the integration of S&T in politics revolves in the provision of science-based policies and regulations

Neureiter (2003)

What policies have been seen to have viable and sustainable impacts to society.

Science-based policies

refers to the processes that improve the capacity of a social institutions (e.g. health, education, religion) to achieve its goals and objectives.

Institutional Development

health related technologies such as x-ray, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have expanded the way doctors and medical professionals diagnosed diseases, this is an example of what component?

Institutional development

the use of improve variety of seeds have helped farmers increased their yield resulting to more income is an example of what development?

Social development

Key sectors that have greatly benefited from the breakthroughs of S&T:

• Energy Sector

• Agriculture Sector

• Transportation Sector

• Education Sector

• Fisheries Sector

• Communication Sector

• Military Sector

• Health Sector

The use of new technologies such as solar panel, wind turbines and generators have improved the way human harnesses renewable energy.

Energy Sector

With the used of technologically produced farm machineries such as tractors and harvesters, farmers can efficiently produce more with less manpower, aiming increased yield while using lesser inputs.

Agriculture Sector

Technology also empowers small-scale fishers generating information not just on fisheries but on markets, which allows them to make better business decisions.

Fisheries Sector

Technological innovations offer an opportunity to improve fisheries management practices.

Fisheries Sector

has made instant using emails, social medias, phones and videocalls.

Modern Communication

The used of wireless signals, satellites, undersea cables, and other advanced technology have guaranteed the instant delivery of messages and other forms of data to any locations

Communication Sector

With the use of modern technologies, people can now get to more destinations more efficiently and quickly.

Transportation Sector

train that can reach a speed of 320km/h

Japanese Bullet Train

This is also integrated to manage traffic congestion on roads

Artificial Intelligence

The used of automated buses and trains aids in saving manpower and in managing the ageing population in some cities

Transportation Sector

Information technology, artificial intelligence and sensors have the potential to vividly improve all aspects of future military capabilities

Military Sector

Modeling and simulation have already made major contributions to training, readiness, weapons design, and acquisition management. Together, these technologies can significantly reduce combat losses in lives and equipment.

Military Sector

Digital simulations and models can help teachers in explaining difficult concepts and can also help students who are visual or tactile learners to better understand a specific concept

Education Sector

The advances in digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, VR/AR, 3D-printing, robotics and nanotechnology help transform unsustainable healthcare systems into sustainable ones, equalize the relationship between medical professionals and patients, provide cheaper, faster and more effective solutions for diseases.

Health Sector

has a great impact to rapid development

Science and technology

affect every aspects of life and was regarded as the greatest evidence of modernization.

Science and Technology

simplicity, and easiness in everyday living has been offered by the

Introduction of Modern Technology

They will benefit the most from advances in science and technology, and they will be able to exploit technology regardless of its sophistication.

• United States

• Germany

• Canada

• Japan
  South Korea

• Australia

• Israel

What country has the acquisition, effective adaptation, and improvement of technologies has served as the basis for the country’s rapid economic growth and international competitiveness

Japan

Key elements underlying Japan's industrial and technological rise have remained remarkably consistent over time

1. central government policies have encouraged the adoption and diffusion of foreign technologies through lowering private-sector risks, stimulating demand, and providing educational and other infrastructure

2. a diffuse base of entrepreneurial vitality and a strong competitive private-sector that is receptive to new technologies and capable of improving them

3. a political and ideological climate that generally allows for consensus on national imperatives and flexibility in policy approaches

What country has relied in science and technology to achieved progressive economy and has redirected its institutions and policies to poster S&T

Israel

the government parties in this country have come together to support major fiscal reforms, which lowered taxation on business and investment. Patent laws were also strengthened.

Israel

According to RAND (2006), developing countries will be helped or hindered by what is termed as…

Science and technology capacity

This encompasses human capacity (such as the level of education and scientific literacy of a country's people) and physical capacity (including transport and freight infrastructures, schools, hospitals, research facilities and utilities), as well as broader dimensions such as their systems of governance, banking, law, education and health.

Science and technology capacity

scientifically developing countries that are poised to take advantage of modestly sophisticated technology applications, including devices to constantly track the movement of everything from products to people; easy-to-use health diagnostic tests; and environmentally friendly manufacturing methods

• Mexico

• Turkey

• Brazil

• Columbia

• Indonesia

• South Africa

• Chile

scientifically lagging countries that are unstable in their political systems; lack of resources and infrastructure; and class disparities are expected to disrupt the penetration of science and technology in attaining modernization and industrialization of these nations.

Fiji, Dominican Republic, Georgia, Nepal, Pakistan, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Kenya, Cameroon and Chad

when such countries have the will to make changes and make a concerted effort to eliminate barriers and support the implementation of science and technology, they can…

improve the life of their citizens

affects the development of a nation. It enhances local economy, social changes, political stability, and institutional effectiveness

Science and Technology

It supports the energy, agriculture, fisheries, communication, transportation, military, education, and health sector development that lead to national progress.

Science and Technology

Countries, both the developed and developing, have to depend on this for national development. If countries do not prioritize this in their national development programs, then their progress only become minimal.

Science and technology

The advancement in S&T is synonymous to the…

Modernity of a Nation