The Polish-Lithuanian Vacuum

These flashcards cover the key terms and concepts discussed in the lecture on the Polish-Lithuanian Vacuum, including historical figures, events, and societal impacts.

Polish Question

The concept that persisted from 1795 to 1919, where Poland existed solely as an idea without physical territory.

Duchy of Warsaw

Established by Napoleon from 1807 to 1815, it was an entity where Polish legions were formed.

Gen. Jan Dabrowski

Commander of the first Polish Legion established in 1797, known for leading Poles during various military campaigns.

Congress of Vienna

Held from 1814-1815, it did not restore Poland and left the Polish Question unresolved.

Pale of Settlement

Region where Jews were permitted to reside in the Russian Empire, established in 1791 and effective until 1917.

Kishinev pogrom

A violent riot against Jews in 1903 that resulted in widespread property destruction and marked a significant moment of anti-Semitic violence.

Jewish Workers’ Union (Bund)

Founded in 1897, it was a response to Jewish persecution and focused on socialism and Jewish identity.

Polish legions

Military units formed primarily from Polish soldiers that were involved in various conflicts throughout the Napoleonic Wars.

Nationalism

A political ideology that often accompanied the persecution of Jews in the 19th century, promoting the interests and culture of a particular nation.

Ukrainians and Belarusians

Ethnic groups regarded as 'Little Russians' who viewed the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth nostalgically as a golden age.