DNA and the genome

chromosomes are found in which part of the cells?

the nucleus

chromosomes contain the molecule?

DNA

what do scientists say DNA is?

the genetic material.

what does DNA determine?

our inherited features

DNA consists of?

DNA consists of two strands, each strand is a polymer (each strand made by joining together lots of smaller molecules).

In DNA the two strands wrap around each other to form a?

double helix

what is a gene?

a small section of DNA on a chromosome.

how are proteins made?

by joining together amino acids

each gene codes for a specific sequence of amino acids to make?

a specific protein

example of flashcard 9

the blood type gene encodes the sequence of amino acids for the protein that determines blood type

what is the genome?

the entire genetic material of an organism

the human genome is the?

entire genetic material that makes a human.

scientists have now studied the entire human genome this has a number of benefits, whats one benefit?

understanding the human genome will help us to search for genes that are linked to a disease.

example for flashcard 13

for example genes that increase the risk of developing cancer or Alzheimer’s disease.

whats another benefit of understanding the human genome?

it will help us to understand and treat inherited disorders eg cystic fibrosis.

what else can we use the human genome for?

to trace the human migration patterns from the past, this helps people to discover their ancestry.