Grade 11 chemistry - Gas Laws, Gas mixture, and Gas reactions

Law of combining volumes

The statement that, when measured at the same temperature and pressure, volume or gaseous reactants and products of chemical reactions are always in simple ratios of whole numbers

Avogardo’s law

The statement that the volume of a gas is directly related to the amount of gas, when the temperature and pressure of the gas remain constant; equal volumes of gases, under identical conditions, contaIn the same number of entities

Molar volume

The volume that one mole of gas occupied at a specified temperature and pressure

Ideal gas

A hypothetical gas composed of particles that have no size, travel in straight lines, and have no attraction to each other (no intermolecular forces)

Universal gas constant (R)

The constant in the ideal gas law equation that related the pressure, volume, amount and temperature of an ideal gas

Ideal gas law

The statement that the product of the pressure and volume of a gas is directly proportional to the amount and the absolute temperature of the gas; pV = nRT

Partial pressure

The pressure that a gas in a mixture would exert if it were the only gas present in the same volume and at the same temperature

Dalton’s law of partial pressures

The statement that the total pressure of a mixture of non-reacting gases in equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases

An ideal gas has the following properties

-All entities of an ideal gas have high translational energy, moving randomly in all directions in straight lines

-When ideal gas entities collide with each other or with the container walls, the collisions are perfectly elastic (There is no loss of kinetic energy)

-The volume of an ideal gas entity is insignificant (zero) compared to the volume of the container

-There are no attractive or repulsive forces between ideal gas entities

-Ideal gases do not condense into liquids when cooled