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-algia
pain, suffering
dys-
bad, difficult, painful
-ectomy
surgical removal, cutting out
hyper-
excessive, increased
hypo-
deficient, decreased
-itis
inflammation
-osis
abnormal condition, disease
-ostomy
surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
-plasty
surgical repair
-rrhage
bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge
-rrhaphy
surgical suturing
-rrhea
flow, discharge
-rrhexis
rupture
-sclerosis
abnormal hardening
a sign
an objective evidence of disease, such as a fever
symptom
subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache
syndrome
a set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process
diagnosis
the identification of a disease
differential diagnosis
Also known as a rule out (R/O) is an attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms present
prognosis
a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease
acute condition
has a rapid onset, severe course, and relatively short duration
chronic condition
of long duration, rarely cured
remission
the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure
disease
a condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally
eponym
a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered it first
acronym
a word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term
arteri/o
artery- pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery
end-
within
-al
pertaining to
arthr/o
joint
arthralgia
pain in a joint or joints
appendectomy
surgical removal of the appendix
colostomy
the surgical creation of an articficial excretoy opening between the colon and the body surface
-otomy
cutting or a surgical incision
colotomy
surgical incision into the colon
Fissure
a groove or crack-like sore of the skin. Also describes normal folds in the contours of the brain
Fistula
An abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. A fistula may be due to surgery, injury, or the draining of an abcess
ileum
The last and longest portion of the small intesine
ilium
part of the hip bone
mening
means the meninges
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges- the cause of the inflammation is an infection
tendinitis
the inflammation of tendinitis is usually caused by overuse rather than infection
infection
invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism. Can remain localized or can be systematic (affecting entire body)
malaise
feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease
exudate
a fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound
inflammation
localized response to an injurt or to the destruction of tissues
erythema
redness
hyperthemia
heat
edema
swelling
laceration
torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut
lesion
a pathalogic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
mucous
describes the specialized membranes that line the body cavities
mucus
the name of the fluid secreted by these mucous membranes
myc/o
fungus
mycosis
abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
myel/o
bone marrow or spinal cord
myelopathy
any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord
-pathy
disease
my/o
muscle
myopathy
any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue
-ologist
specialist
-ology
study of
palpation
an examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts
palpitation
a pounding or racing heart
pyel/o
renal pelvis, which is part of the kidney
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
py/o
pus
pyoderma
any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo
pyr/o
fever or fire
pyrosis
heartburn- discomfort due to regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus
supination
act of rotating the arm so that the palm is forward or upward
supurration
the formation or discharge of pus
triage
medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and proper place of treatment
trauma
wound or injury
viral
pertaining to a virus
virile
having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
atomic reference systems
terms used to describe the location of body planes, directions, and cavities
structures of the body
the cells, tissues, and glands that form the body systems that work togther to enable the body to function properly
genetics
the genetic componenets that transfer characteristics from parents to their child
tissues
A group of similarly specialized cells that work together to perform specific functions
glands
A group of specialized cells that is capable of producing secretions
Body Systems and Related Organs
Organs are somewhat independent parts of the body that perform specific functions. Organs with related functions are organized into body systems.
pathology
study of the nature and cause of disease that involve changes in structure and function
aden/o
gland
adip/o
fat
anter/o
before, front
caud/o
lower part of body, tail
cephal/o
head
cyt/o, -cyte
cell
end-, endo-
in, within, inside
exo-
out of, outside, away from
hist/o
tissue
path/o, -pathy
disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
plas/i, plas/o, -plasia
development, growth, formation
poster/o
behind, toward the back
-stasis, -static
control, maintenence of a constant level
cytology
the study of the anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of the cell
cytologist
a specialist in the study and analysis of cells
stem cells
unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division
adult stem cells
also known as somatic stem cells, are undifferentiated cells found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ