LB 270 exam 1 msu

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304 Terms

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-algia

pain, suffering

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dys-

bad, difficult, painful

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-ectomy

surgical removal, cutting out

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hyper-

excessive, increased

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hypo-

deficient, decreased

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-itis

inflammation

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-osis

abnormal condition, disease

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-ostomy

surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface

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-plasty

surgical repair

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-rrhage

bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge

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-rrhaphy

surgical suturing

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-rrhea

flow, discharge

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-rrhexis

rupture

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-sclerosis

abnormal hardening

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a sign

an objective evidence of disease, such as a fever

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symptom

subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache

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syndrome

a set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process

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diagnosis

the identification of a disease

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differential diagnosis

Also known as a rule out (R/O) is an attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms present

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prognosis

a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease

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acute condition

has a rapid onset, severe course, and relatively short duration

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chronic condition

of long duration, rarely cured

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remission

the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure

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disease

a condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally

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eponym

a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered it first

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acronym

a word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term

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arteri/o

artery- pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery

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end-

within

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-al

pertaining to

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arthr/o

joint

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arthralgia

pain in a joint or joints

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appendectomy

surgical removal of the appendix

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colostomy

the surgical creation of an articficial excretoy opening between the colon and the body surface

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-otomy

cutting or a surgical incision

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colotomy

surgical incision into the colon

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Fissure

a groove or crack-like sore of the skin. Also describes normal folds in the contours of the brain

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Fistula

An abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. A fistula may be due to surgery, injury, or the draining of an abcess

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ileum

The last and longest portion of the small intesine

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ilium

part of the hip bone

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mening

means the meninges

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meningitis

inflammation of the meninges- the cause of the inflammation is an infection

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tendinitis

the inflammation of tendinitis is usually caused by overuse rather than infection

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infection

invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism. Can remain localized or can be systematic (affecting entire body)

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malaise

feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease

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exudate

a fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound

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inflammation

localized response to an injurt or to the destruction of tissues

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erythema

redness

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hyperthemia

heat

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edema

swelling

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laceration

torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut

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lesion

a pathalogic change of the tissues due to disease or injury

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mucous

describes the specialized membranes that line the body cavities

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mucus

the name of the fluid secreted by these mucous membranes

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myc/o

fungus

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mycosis

abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus

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myel/o

bone marrow or spinal cord

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myelopathy

any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord

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-pathy

disease

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my/o

muscle

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myopathy

any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue

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-ologist

specialist

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-ology

study of

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palpation

an examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts

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palpitation

a pounding or racing heart

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pyel/o

renal pelvis, which is part of the kidney

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pyelitis

inflammation of the renal pelvis

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py/o

pus

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pyoderma

any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo

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pyr/o

fever or fire

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pyrosis

heartburn- discomfort due to regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus

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supination

act of rotating the arm so that the palm is forward or upward

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supurration

the formation or discharge of pus

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triage

medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and proper place of treatment

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trauma

wound or injury

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viral

pertaining to a virus

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virile

having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male

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atomic reference systems

terms used to describe the location of body planes, directions, and cavities

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structures of the body

the cells, tissues, and glands that form the body systems that work togther to enable the body to function properly

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genetics

the genetic componenets that transfer characteristics from parents to their child

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tissues

A group of similarly specialized cells that work together to perform specific functions

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glands

A group of specialized cells that is capable of producing secretions

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Body Systems and Related Organs

Organs are somewhat independent parts of the body that perform specific functions. Organs with related functions are organized into body systems.

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pathology

study of the nature and cause of disease that involve changes in structure and function

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aden/o

gland

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adip/o

fat

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anter/o

before, front

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caud/o

lower part of body, tail

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cephal/o

head

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cyt/o, -cyte

cell

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end-, endo-

in, within, inside

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exo-

out of, outside, away from

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hist/o

tissue

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path/o, -pathy

disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

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plas/i, plas/o, -plasia

development, growth, formation

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poster/o

behind, toward the back

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-stasis, -static

control, maintenence of a constant level

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cytology

the study of the anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of the cell

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cytologist

a specialist in the study and analysis of cells

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stem cells

unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division

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adult stem cells

also known as somatic stem cells, are undifferentiated cells found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ