Forensic Taphonomy and Human Identification

These flashcards cover the essential vocabulary and concepts related to forensic taphonomy and human identification discussed in the lecture.

Forensic Taphonomy

The study of death and decomposition in medicolegal contexts, focusing on what happens after inhumation.

Decomposition

The process by which organic material is systematically broken down into simpler forms, beginning immediately after death.

Autolysis

Self-digestion, a process whereby cells are destroyed by their own enzymes after death.

Putrefaction

Microbial deterioration of tissues caused by the proliferation of bacteria in the gut microbiome.

Pallor Mortis

The postmortem paleness that occurs immediately after death due to a lack of blood circulation.

Algor Mortis

The cooling of the body after death, approximately 1.5°F (0.8°C) per hour during the initial 12 hours.

Livor Mortis

The pooling of blood in the lowest parts of the body after death, resulting in a bluish-purple color.

Rigor Mortis

The stiffening of the muscles after death, peaking at 12 hours and lasting up to 4 days.

Minimum Number of Individuals (MNI)

The fewest possible number of people found in an assemblage of skeletal remains.

Cadaverine

A foul-smelling compound associated with the decay of flesh, contributing to the smell of rotting bodies.

Putrescine

A compound produced during putrefaction, known for its putrid smell, often associated with decayed meat.

Thanatos

An exhibition featuring an original perfume evoking the scent of a decomposing body, highlighting forensic odor studies.

Accumulated Degree Days (ADD)

A method of estimating the postmortem interval by calculating the average daily temperatures over a period.

Saponification

The process of fatty tissue breakdown into a waxy substance called adipocere, occurring in moist environments.

Mummification

The preservation of a corpse, typically in dry or arid environments, leading to natural desiccation and preservation.

Thermal Alteration

Changes to bones caused by exposure to heat, resulting in discoloration, shrinkage, and other physical alterations.