Math: Logic

Logic

• The science of reasoning

• Allows us to draw conclusions based on what we know is true

Inductive reasoning

A kind of reasoning in which the conclusion is based on several past observations (or patterns)

Deductive Reasoning

Proving statements by reasoning from accepted postulate/axioms, definitions, theorems, and given information

SOAP

1. First sign same

2. 2nd opposite

3. 3rd is always positive

Statement

Any declarative sentence that’s true or false, but not both

Open sentence

Sentence that can’t be described

Replacement set

The domain.

Solution set (P)

The set of elements from the domain that makes the sentence true

Compound sentences

Connective words or phrases that connect two or more simple statements

Conjunct

Each statement in a conjunction

Why do we use a truth tablr\e

To determine the validity of the argument

Definition of a true conjunction

Whenever and only both conjuncts are true

Disjunction

A compound sentence formed by joining two statements with the word “or”

Disjunct

Each statement in a disjunction

How to find # of columns in a truth table

2^# of numbers