1920 Exam #1

Woodrow Wilson

Ran for presidency in 1916, known for keeping the U.S. neutral at the start of World War I and for his 14 Points.

14 Points

A statement of principles for peace to be used for peace negotiations to end World War I, only the League of Nations became a reality.

Henry Cabot Lodge

A political opponent of Wilson, who opposed the League of Nations and believed the U.S. should prioritize its own interests.

A. Mitchell Palmer

Attorney General who led the aggressive raids during the Red Scare from 1919 to 1921.

Emma Goldman

A prominent anarchist and feminist activist known for advocating workers’ rights and social reform, deported in 1919.

Claude McCay

An author known for his poem 'If We Must Die,' which describes the experiences during the Red Summer with vivid language.

The Chicago Tribune

A conservative newspaper that portrayed African Americans negatively during the Red Summer.

The Chicago Defender

A newspaper that defended African Americans and provided a more sympathetic perspective during the Red Summer.

Herbert Hoover

Believed in a cooperative relationship between individuals, government, and business, emphasizing self-reliance.

Henry Ford

An industrialist who advocated for minimal government intervention and viewed government as a servant of business.

Edward Purinton

Described business as a religion and emphasized the need to work for wealth rather than receive it without effort.

Bruce Barton

Correlated biblical narratives with business morality, viewing figures like Moses as exemplary salespeople.

Calvin Coolidge

Emphasized industrial efficiency and linked wealth to societal development and progress.

Norman Thomas

Criticized the dominance of business interests in American politics and their neglect of working class needs.

William Bennet Munro

Argued that America has become a property-minded nation, with a strong desire to be rich.

Elise Hill

Supported the Equal Rights Amendment, advocating for full legal equality for women.

Florence Kelly

Opposed the Equal Rights Amendment, fearing it would undermine labor protections for working-class women.

Carrie Chapman Catt

President of the National American Woman Suffrage Association and a prominent advocate for women's suffrage.

Doris Stevens

Advocated for both voting and economic equality for women, believing labor rights were insufficient without economic justice.

Alice Hamilton

Emphasized addressing laws individually rather than with a blanket amendment to improve working conditions for women.

Mayme Ober Peak

Highlighted the necessity of women's education and independent political choices in the early 20th century.

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Feminist activist who documented progress in women’s rights laws in California since 1921.

Eleanor Roosevelt

Championed women’s political engagement and organization, believing that women must learn to navigate political structures.