APUSH Chapter 8 Flash Cards

Francis Cabot Lowell

made power loom, made first mill to spin and weave in one place

Black Belt

cotton zone, Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia, slave center, good soil

William Becknell

Missouri merchant, sold American goods cheaper than Mexican ones making Mexico lose markets

John Jacob Astor’s American Fur Company

fur company, expanded westward, got help from natives

Mountain men

fur trappers in Far West, traded w/ natives and Mexicans

Andrew and William Ashley

founded Rocky Mountain Fur Company, more permanent settlement, provided supplies for trappers in exchange for furs and skins

Stephen H. Long

explored Great Plains from orders from War Department, wrote it was unfit for cultivation and settlement

John Quincy Adams

chosen as secretary of state by James Monroe

Seminole Wars

Andrew Jackson invaded Florida, seized Spanish forts, and ordered the execution of 2 British citizens who supported the Seminole

Adams-Onis treaty

U.S. gave up Texas claims while Spain gave Florida to the U.S.

Panic of 1819

foreign need for american farm goods increased land price, national bank tightened credit, 6 years of depression

Tallmadge Amendment

prohibited further introduction of enslaved labor into Missouri, gradual emancipation of slaves

Henry Clay

fought for Missouri to be a slave state, Maine became a free state for balance

Thomas Amendment

prohibited slavery in the rest of Louisianna Territory, Senator Jesse B. Thomas

Missouri Compromise

Maine becomes a free state, Missouri becomes a slave state, prohibited slavery in Louisiana

Fletcher v. Peck

Georgia legislature could repeal act of previous legislature granting lands to Yazoo Land Companies, ruled that land grant was a valid contract, defended involability of contracts

Dartmouth College v. Woodward

republicans tried converting Dartmouth from a private school to a state school, ruled that Dartmouth didn’t have to because their charter was a contract and was invoable

Cohens v. Virginia

ruled that federal review of state court’s decisions was allowed

McCulloch v. Maryland

could congress charter a bank and/or ban and tax it?, ruled that states couldn’t tax banks

Gibbons v. Ogden

NY granted Aaron Ogden business to carry passengers on river, Thomas Gibbons was granted license by Congress to operate same river, ruled that Gibbons could stay, Congress could regulate interstate commerce

Johnson v. McIntosh

natives in illinois sold land to Johnson, natives later signed treaty giving whites same land and gave homestead rights to McIntosh, ruled that federal government had control over land acquisition so it was in favor of McIntosh

Worcester v. Georgia

Georgia law attempted giving citizens access to Cherokee country, ruled that only federal government could do so not state government

Monroe Doctrine

American continents are locked down for people already there, new Europeans challenging sovereignty in America will be considered unfriendly

Democratic Party

supported decentralized nation and questioned federal gove

National Republican Party

supported powerful central government, national bank, centralized economy

American System

create great home market for factory and farm producers by raising protective tarriff, strengthen national bank, finance internal improvements

corrupt bargain

Jackson won the electoral votes but lost the overall election

Treaty of Portage Des Sioux

pushed natives west