5/29 Lecture (no muscles)

the pelvis is continuous with the abdomen superiorly and is divided into the ____ and ____ pelvis at the ____ ____

greater, lesser, pelvic inlet

What divides the greater and lesser pelvis?

pelvic inlet

what is the greater pelvis occupied by

abdominal viscera transitioning into lesser pelvis

what is the lesser pelvis occupied by

terminal GI tract and genitourinary viscera

the floor of the pelvic cavity is formed by the ___ ____, below this is the ____

pelvic diaphragm, perineum

what is the floor of the pelvic cavity formed by?

pelvic diaphragm

the pelvic floor muscles provide support to the overlying _____ within the true pelvis

viscera

the pelvic floor muscles support fecal and urinary _____

continence

muscles in the pelvic floor

levator ani (puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus) and coccygeus

nerve for all muscles of pelvic diaphragm

ventral rami S3-S4

what is the perineum

collection of muscles that are surrounding the urethra and genitalia (anteriorly) and anal canal (posteriorly)

the superior gluteal nerve exits the pelvis via the ____ ___ ____

greater sciatic foramen

where exactly does the superior gluteal nerve exit the pelvis

greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis along the superior gluteal av.

what muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia latae

what does the superior gluteal nerve divide into

deep and superficial branches

what muscles prevent pelvic tilt caused by gravity during gait?

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia latae

the ____ (---side---) muscles contract when the leg is planted

ipsilateral

damage to what nerve can cause dysfunction of gluteus minimus, medius, and tensor fascia latae?

superior gluteal

positive Trendelenburg is associated with what nerve damage

superior gluteal

the inferior gluteal nerve exits the pelvis via the ____ ___ ____

greater sciatic foramen

what main nerves exit via the greater sciatic foramen?

superior and inferior gluteal nerves, posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, sciatic nerve

where exactly does the inferior gluteal nerve exit?

via the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis muscle along the inferior gluteal av.

what muscle does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

gluteus maximus

the piriformis muscle is innervated by what nerve

nerve to piriformis (S1-S2)

what muscles does the nerve to obturator internus innervate?

obturator internus and superior gemellus

what muscles does the nerve to quadratus femoris innervate?

inferior gemellus and quadratus femoris

where does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh S1-S3) exit the pelvis?

greater sciatic foramen

what does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve do

provide cutaneous innervation to the inferior buttocks (inferior clunial nerves) and skin along the posterior thigh and popliteal fossa

the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve has no ____ function

motor

the sciatic nerve is the continuation of what

sacral plexus

where exactly does the sciatic nerve exit the pelvis

via the greater sciatic foramen, inferior to the piriformis muscle, between the ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter

what 2 nerves make up the sciatic nerve

tibial (L4-S3) and common fibular (L4-S2)

where do the 2 nerves of the sciatic nerve split and how to they travel after?

in the popliteal region, the tibial nerve remains medial and common fibular goes lateral

what does the tibial nerve innervate

semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head of biceps femoris

what does the common fibular nerve innervate

short head of biceps femoris

what does the common fibular nerve (which was once part of sciatic) split into and where do they run

deep and superficial fibular nerves (run anterior and lateral, respectively)

what does the common iliac a. divide into

internal and external iliac aa.

what does the internal iliac a. give rise to

obturator, and superior and inferior gluteal a.

what does the external iliac a. become

femoral a.

posterior thigh blood supply (arteries)

medial circumflex a, deep femoral and perforating aa., popliteal a, inferior gluteal a.

the femoral artery passes through an opening in the adductor magnus called the ___ ___

adductor hiatus

after the femoral artery passes through the adductor hiatus, it becomes what

popliteal artery

what does the popliteal artery divide into

anterior and posterior tibial arteries

popliteal artery branches

superior medial genicular, superior lateral genicular, middle genicular, inferior medial genicular, inferior lateral genicular

anastomoses

redundancy of blood supply, allows blood flow of cut off from above, where 2 blood vessels merge, spare tire

superolateral popliteal fossa boundary

biceps femoris

superomedial popliteal fossa boundary

semitendinosus and semimembranosus

inferior popliteal fossa boundary

gastrocnemius medial and lateral heads

floor popliteal fossa boundary

popliteal surface of femur and joint capsule of the knee

roof popliteal fossa boundary

skin and popliteal fascia