Ankle & Foot Osteology, Arthrology, & Motion

Flashcards about ankle and foot osteology, arthrology, and motion.

Calcaneus

A large bone forming the heel, with bony markings such as the calcaneal tuberosity, posterior process, lateral process of calcaneal tuberosity, and medial process of calcaneal tuberosity.

Talus

Bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint, featuring the head, neck, body, anterior calcaneal articular surface, navicular articular surface, and more.

Metatarsals

Consist of a base, shaft, and head. They articulate with the tarsal bones at the base and with the phalanges at the head.

Phalanges

The bones of the toes, each consisting of a base, shaft, and head. The great toe has a proximal and distal phalanx, while the other toes have a proximal, middle, and distal phalanx.

Sesamoid Bones

Small bones embedded in tendons, such as those found at the base of the great toe.

Distal Intertarsal Joints

Joints between the tarsal bones in the foot that allow for slight motion and contribute to the transverse arch of the foot.

Toe Motions

Motions include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

Great Toe Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) Joint

Joint at the base of the great toe allows for flexion of 45 degrees and extension of 70 degrees; movement is facilitated by extrinsic and intrinsic muscles.

Plantar Aponeurosis

Thick connective tissue on the plantar aspect of the foot that supports the arch and provides attachment points for muscles.