anat final

spermatogenesis

process of sperm production

spermatogonia

cells that develop into sperm, capable of proliferation

proliferation

mitosis

differentiation

spermatogonia become primary spermatocytes

amplification

increase in number through divisions creating secondary spermatocytes

meiosis

primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis to form spermatids

spermatogenesis

spermatids transform into spermatozoa

spermiation

release of spermatozoa from Sertoli cells

where is GnRH released from

hypothalamus

what does GnRH stimulate

anterior pituitary

FSH and LH control what in males

sperm production and testosterone synthesis

testosterone does what to sperm production

speeds up

Oogenesis

process of egg development

when does primary oocyte development occur

before birth

meiosis results in

secondary oocyte and polar bodies

egg growth requires an accumulation of

nutrients

FSH is

follicle stimulating hormone

GnRH stimulates the release of what in women

FSH and LH

Estrogen thickens

endometreium

LH triggers what in women

ovulation and corpus lutetium formation

progesterone

makes endometrium secretory and regulates hormonal feedback

sperm are suspended in

semen

meiosis I and II lead to

haploid cells

haploid cells are

gametes

diploid cells have how many sources of genetic material

2 - maternal and paternal

meiosis I results in

2 paternal or 2 maternal copies

meiosis ii divides genetic material

further

when does oocyte development begin

before birth

the secondary oocyte only completes meiosis if

fertilized

urinary processes blood to remove

metabolic waste

spermatogonia —> primary spermatocytes —> secondary spermatocytes —> spermatids —> _______

spermatozoa

spermatogonia —> primary spermatocytes —> secondary spermatocytes —> ________ —> spermatozoa

spermatids

spermatogonia —> primary spermatocytes —> ____________ —> spermatids —> spermatozoa

secontary spermatocytes

spermatogonia —> _______- —> secondary spermatocytes —> spermatids —> spermatozoa

primary spermatocytes

________ —> primary spermatocytes —> secondary spermatocytes —> spermatids —> spermatozoa

spermatogonia

differentiation is between

spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes

amplification is between

primary spermatocytes and secondary spermatocytes

spermeogenesis is between

spermatids and spermatozoa

meiosis i is what parts of spermatogenesis

primary spermatocytes to secondary spermatocytes

meiosis ii is what parts of spermatogenesis

secondary spermatocytes to spermatids

primary oocyte —> primary oocyte after maturation —> secondary oocyte —> ____

ovum

primary oocyte —> primary oocyte after maturation —> ______ —> ovum

secondary oocyte

primary oocyte —> __________ —> secondary oocyte —> ovum

primary oocyte after maturation

_________—> primary oocyte after maturation —> secondary oocyte —> ovum

primary oocyte

maturation is between what parts in oogenesis

primary oocyte and primary oocyte after maturation

fertilization is between

secondary oocyte and ovum

egg only goes through meiosis ii if

fertilized

progesterone in women

,makes endomeetreum secretory and regulates hormone feeedback

estrogen in women

thickens endometreum

LH in women

triggers ovulation and corpus luteum formation

kidney cortex

main cite of physiological function

kidney

physiological function of kidney

urine formation and blood formation

kidney nephrons are found in the

cortex

nephrons are the

functional unit of the kidney

kidney medulla

delivers processed fluid to ureter, indide of cortex, concentrates urine and reabsorbs shi

kidney renal columns

extensions of the cortex seperating renal pyramids, provides structural suppoer and pathway for blood cells

kidney pyramids

cone shaped, in medulla, have collecting ducts to get urine from nephrons to move to calyces

kidney nephrons renal capsule

collects filtrate made by glomerular filtration

glomerulas

initial blood filtration, makes filtrate, inside of renal capsule

PCT

proximal convuluted tubule, majority of absorbtion occurs here (of glucose, AA, electrolytes, water, puts back into blood)