exam one multi choice

Module 1 Q1: Which property of life can be defined as having traits that help in survival and reproduction? A. Reproduction B. Evolutionary adaptation C. Response to environment D. Homeostasis

B

Module 1 Q2: Why would a biologist want to define what a living thing is? A. Some branches of biology have nothing to do with living things. The definition helps distinguish between biologists who study nonliving things and biologists that study life. B. Biology is the science that studies life. C. Like all scientists; biologists feel compelled to define things. D. Everyone needs to know what is alive and what is not.

B

Module 1 Q3: Homeostasis is A. the part of the cell where DNA is located. B. a sleep-like state that some organisms do when they run out of food. C. maintaining constant internal conditions. D. any trait that helps in survival and reproduction.

C

Module 1 Q4: When you get hot; you sweat and flush. When you get cold; blood flow decreases to your skin and extremities and you shiver. Maintaining a correct body temperature is an example of which property of life? A. Regulation; or homeostasis B. Response to environment C. Energy use D. Evolutionary adaptation

A

Module 1 Q5: Approximately how long has life existed on Earth? A. 3.5 MILLION years - This is when the first microscopic life arose. B. 3.5 BILLION years - This is when the first microscopic life arose. C. 3.5 THOUSAND years - This is when the first microscopic life arose. D. 3.5 TRILLION years - This is when the first microscopic life arose.

B

Module 1 Q6: Which is the best definition of evolutionary adaptation? A. A way that we can change to adjust to our environment on a day-to-day basis; like getting bigger muscles if we do manual labor or developing tough feet if we go barefoot. B. The ability to respond to the environment and do things like find food and avoid danger. C. A trait of an organism that helps it survive and reproduce (such as people having large brains or birds having wings). D. A change that an organism goes through to maintain the conditions of life; such as drinking when thirsty or seeking shade if too hot.

C

Module 1 Q7: For almost the ENTIRE time life existed on the planet A. pre-humans were around but humans were not. B. humans have been alive. C. only microscopic life existed. D. birds; flowers; and mammals have existed.

C

Module 1 Q8: Which property of life is NOT possessed by a car? A. Energy use B. Order C. Regulation D. Reproduction

D

Module 1 Q9: You may not be an expert on bacteria; but knowing the properties of all life; which of the following can you be sure that ALL bacteria do? A. Use oxygen B. Respond to the environment C. Have blood D. Cause disease

B

Module 1 Q10: Mammals; birds; and flowers have existed on earth for A. 200 million years; which is 100X longer than humans have been around. B. 200 thousand years; which is 100X longer than humans have been around. C. 200 thousand years; which is about the same amount of time that humans have been around. D. 200 million years; which is 1000X longer than humans have been around.

D

Module 1 Q11: Natural selection A. can be random if the population is very small. B. causes adaptations to become more common in a population over generations. C. can help individuals become better adapted to the environment within their lifetime. D. can favor very strong individuals even if they don't leave the most offspring.

B

Module 1 Q12: What is an organelle? A. An organelle is a type of macromolecule polymer. B. An organelle is a very small structure within a cell that has a particular function within the cell. C. An organelle is the region of a prokaryotic cell where the chromosome is. D. An organelle is a body part with a particular function (heart; liver; kidneys; etc.).

B

Module 1 Q13: What is the difference between an organ and an organelle? A. An organ is one of the levels of organization that applies to living things whereas an organelle is not a level of organization. B. An organelle is made of molecules; but an organ is not. C. They are the same. D. An organ is a body part with a particular function (heart; liver; kidneys; etc.) while an organelle is a very small structure within a cell (that also has a particular function within the cell)

D

Module 1 Q14: Which of the following is NOT true of tissue in biology? A. It is the smallest thing that is alive - the basic unit of life. B. Organs contain tissue. C. It is a group of cells working together. D. It is the level of life in between cell and organ.

A

Module 1 Q15: Four levels of organization (in no particular order) are cell; molecule; atom and organelle. What is the correct order of these levels from smallest to largest? A. Cell; atom; molecule; and organelle. B. Organelle; atom; molecule and cell. C. Atom; molecule; cell; and organelle. D. Atom; molecule; organelle; and cell.

D

Module 1 Q16: Four levels of organization (in no particular order) are cell; molecule; atom and organelle. What is true of these 4 levels? A. Of those four; atom is the smallest and organelle is the biggest. B. Of those four; atom is the smallest and cell is the biggest. C. Of those four; molecule is the smallest and organelle is the biggest. D. Of those four; organelle is the smallest and cell is the biggest.

B

Module 1 Q17: What level of life describes DNA? A. Molecule B. Atom C. Gene D. Cell

A

Module 1 Q18: Which of the following best defines the term 'population'? A. An individual living thing; such as a bacterium; fungus; protist; plant; or animal. B. The entire portion of the Earth inhabited by life. C. A group of individuals belonging to one species and living in the same geographic area. D. All the organisms in a given area; along with the nonliving (abiotic) factors with which they interact; a biological community and its physical environment.

C

Module 1 Q19: In biology; what is the difference between an ecosystem and a community? A. An ecosystem has many different types of living things in it but a community is a group of all of organisms that are all of the same type in a given area. B. An ecosystem is an entire area including the soil; water; and air (for example) as well as all the living things there. A community is all the living things in an area but not nonliving things like water and air. C. A community is a larger level of organization than an ecosystem. One community can include several ecosystems. D. An ecosystem is one of the levels of organization that applies to living things whereas a community is not a level of organization.

B

Module 1 Q20: In class we learned 3 different domains of life. Which domain includes pine trees? A. Kingdom Plantae B. Domain Bacteria C. Domain Eukarya D. Kingdom Archaea

C

Module 1 Q21: What is biological evolution? A. Biological evolution is the change in living organisms over generations so that current organisms are different from their ancestors. B. Biological evolution is when an individual changes in response to its environment. C. Biological evolution is ANY change over time. D. Biological evolution is when individuals with the best adaptations survive and reproduce the best so those adaptations become more common in future generations.

A

Module 1 Q22: Felis catus is the scientific name of the domesticated cat (pet cats); whereas Felis silvestris is the European wildcat; a slightly larger animal that cannot be tamed. Based on the names Felis catus and Felis silvestris; what can you deduce about these two types of animals? A. They actually belong to the same species. B. They belong to the same genus. C. They are in different families. D. They live in the same environments.

B

Module 1 Q23: Which is the correct order of taxonomic levels from MOST inclusive to LEAST inclusive (biggest to smallest)? A. Domain; Kingdom; Phylum; Class; Order; Family; Genus; Species B. Domain; Phylum; Class; Family; Kingdom; Order; Genus; Species C. Domain; Kingdom; Species; Class; Phylum; Family; Order; Genus D. Species; Phylum; Genus; Family; Kingdom; Order; Class; Domain

A

Module 1 Q24: Which domain of life includes all mammals (including humans)? A. Archaea B. Eukarya C. Bacteria D. Genera

B

Module 1 Q25: What is the highest taxonomic level (= largest taxonomic group)? A. Species B. Domain C. Phylum D. Kingdom

B

Module 1 Q26: What does 'phylogenetic' mean? A. Showing similar traits among organisms B. Showing which organisms live in the same places C. Showing levels of life D. Showing evolutionary relationships

D

Module 1 Q27: The picture shows the animal thought to be the ancestor of all types of cats alive today; including cougars; lions; house cats; and all types of cat. This is a painting based on fossil evidence. This creature would be called the _________________ of all cats alive today. A. protoevolution B. base organism C. ecosystem D. common ancestor

D

Module 1 Q28: A hypothesis A. is a statement in that a scientist hopes to prove to be true. B. is a testable statement that offers an answer to a scientific question. C. is the same as a scientific question; it must relate to the natural world. D. is a statement with a lot of evidence supporting it and is unlikely to be revised.

B

Module 1 Q29: Which option gives the steps of the scientific method in order? (Not all steps are given) A. Observation; question; hypothesis; prediction B. Prediction; hypothesis; observation; question C. Question; observation; hypothesis; prediction D. Observation; question; prediction; hypothesis

A

Module 1 Q30: How does a scientific hypothesis differ from a scientific theory? A. A hypothesis cannot be disproven but a theory can be. B. They are really words meaning the same thing. C. A scientific hypothesis is just a possible explanation without much support. A theory has been tested and supported numerous times. D. A scientific hypothesis has much more support than a scientific theory.

C

Module 1 Q31: What is hypothesis testing (also known as the scientific method)? A. Learning all you can by reading scientific papers in the library and then writing a report about what you learned. B. Any systematic activity done by a scientist. C. A method of research with defined steps that include experiments and careful observation. D. Any time someone makes detailed and accurate observations about the natural world.

C

Module 1 Q32: Which of the following are questions that can be studied by science? There may be more than one correct answer. A. Are bats evil? B. Do bats spread disease? C. Are bats horrifying? D. Do bats save energy by sleeping in large colonies?

B and D

Module 1 Q33: As we learned it in this class; what are the first 3 steps of the scientific method (given in the correct order)? A. 1. Make a hypothesis; 2. Draw a conclusion; 3. Conduct an experiment B. 1. Make an observation; 2. Form a question; 3. Make a hypothesis C. 1. Conduct an experiment; 2. Make a hypothesis; 3. Draw a conclusion D. 1. Form a hypothesis; 2. Conduct an experiment; 3. Make a prediction

B

Module 1 Q34: Which 2 of the following 4 characteristics do scientific hypotheses have to have? A. Well-supported B. Falsifiable C. Testable D. True

B and C

Module 1 Q35: Which option below shows the levels of biological organization in order from smallest to largest? Note that not all levels are included. A. Molecule; organelle; atom; cell; population B. Atom; molecule; cell; organelle; population C. Atom; molecule; organelle; cell; population D. Molecule; atom; cell; organelle; population

C

Module 1 Q36: What is science? A. Science is a way of gaining knowledge about the natural world using observation. B. Science is studying things in a lab. C. Science is a way of studying the anything imaginable. You must be highly trained to carry out the scientific method. D. Science is studying the natural world. Sometimes scientists use observations (evidence) but not always.

A

Module 1 Q37: We consider something to be alive only if A. it has all of the 7 properties of life. B. it has all of the levels of life. C. it eats and breathes oxygen. D. it can stay awake in class.

A

Module 1 Q38: Why are viruses not considered alive? A. They do not have all the properties of life. B. They are too small. They are only as big as large molecules. C. They do not breathe oxygen. D. They cannot respond to the environment.

A

Module 1 Q39: Which is bigger; a cell or an organelle? A. Cell B. Organelle

A

Module 1 Q40: You have a brain capable of learning speech and also a mouth capable of forming speech. These things have helped humans (including your ancestors) survive and leave offspring. Which property of life can be defined as having traits that help in survival and reproduction? A. Evolutionary adaptation B. Matter and energy exchange with the environment C. Reproduction D. Response to the environment

A

Module 2 Q1: What do ribosomes do in cells? A. Store genetic information B. Process energy for the cell C. Make protein D. Cover the outside of the cell

C

Module 2 Q2: Which of the following statements about cells is/are true? (Choose ALL correct answers) A. All cells have ribosomes. B. All cells have cell walls. C. All cells have a plasma membrane. D. All cells have a nucleus.

A and C

Module 2 Q3: One reason cells can't be very large is that A. the surface-to-volume ratio becomes too SMALL as the cell gets bigger (cells need a big amount of surface area relative to their volume). B. the surface-to-volume ratio becomes too LARGE as the cell gets bigger (cells need a small amount of surface area relative to their volume). C. large cells can't build enough cell membrane to survive. D. large cells can't make oxygen fast enough to survive.

A

Module 2 Q4: Animals and plants have which of the two basic cell types? A. Type A B. Crenulated C. Prokaryotic D. Eukaryotic

D

Module 2 Q5: Which of the following is true of all cells? A. All cells have an endoplasmic reticulum. B. All cells have a cell wall. C. All cells contain genetic information in DNA. D. All cells have a nucleus.

C

Module 2 Q6: You need to identify mystery cells on a microscope slide. You know the cells might be from a plant; an animal; or a bacterium. You look at them through a microscope and see no nucleus or organelles with membranes. You conclude correctly that the cells A. could be either plant or bacterial cells. B. are bacterial cells. C. are plant cells. D. are animal cells.

B

Module 2 Q7: Organisms in Domain Archaea have ________ cells. A. animal B. prokaryotic C. eukaryotic D. bacterial

B

Module 2 Q8: Choose all of the following below that explain why a cell must have a LARGE surface compared to its volume A. Cells need a large surface so they can survive when it is dry. B. Cells need a large surface so they have room for their DNA. C. Cells need a large surface because they must get rid of waste through their surface. D. Cells need a large surface because they must get oxygen through their surface.

C and D

Module 2 Q9: There are two basic types of cells. These are called A. prokaryotic and eukaryotic. B. plasmotic and aplasmotic C. animal and plant. D. animal and bacteria.

A

Module 2 Q10: What is the cytoplasm of a cell? A. Everything in the cell that is outside the nucleus or nucleoid B. The outer covering C. Projections on the outside of the cell that allow it to move D. The region of the cell that holds genetic information

A

Module 2 Q11: ________ cells LACK a membrane-enclosed nucleus. A. Plant B. Fungal C. Protist D. Eukaryotic E. Prokaryotic

E

Module 2 Q12: Which type of cells don't contain ribosomes? A. This is a trick question! ALL cells contain ribosomes B. Prokaryotic cells C. Eukaryotic cells D. Bacteria cells

A

Module 2 Q13: Which of the following statements regarding the endomembrane system is false? A. The endomembrane system is involved in the synthesis; storage; and export of important molecules. B. The endomembrane system connects one cell to all its neighboring cells. C. The endomembrane system includes the endoplasmic reticulum. D. The endomembrane system includes the Golgi apparatus.

B

Module 2 Q14: Cells have a support and organization system inside them made of protein fibers. What is this called? A. The cytoskeleton B. The endomembrane system C. The extracellular matrix D. The cell scaffold

A

Module 2 Q15: The nucleus of a cell A. contains DNA. B. is the primary location of protein synthesis. C. is NOT surrounded by a membrane. D. is contained within the nucleolus.

A

Module 2 Q16: You notice in your microscope that a cell is unable to move organelles and vesicles where they should go. The most likely explanation for this is A. a faulty cytoskeleton. B. faulty cytoplasmic streaming. C. faulty ribosomes. D. a faulty extracellular matrix.

A

Module 2 Q17: Adrenaline is a protein that is made in adrenal cells and released into the blood in times of stress. It triggers body changes associated with fear or nervousness; including elevated breathing and heart rate. Which option below gives the correct path of adrenaline molecules from where they are made in the cell to where they are released from the cell? A. They are made in the nucleus then go in vesicles to the ribosomes. From there; vesicles take them to the Golgi apparatus and release them from the cell. B. They are made in the smooth ER; then go in vesicles to the nucleus. From there; vesicles take them to the plasma membrane and release them from the cell. C. They are made in the smooth ER; then go in vesicles to the ribosomes. From there; vesicles take them to the Golgi apparatus and release them from the cell. D. They are made in the rough ER; then go in vesicles to the Golgi apparatus. From there; vesicles take them to the plasma membrane and release them from the cell.

D

Module 2 Q18: What are vesicles? A. Energy processing organelles B. Structures within the nucleus that make ribosomes C. Little sacks of membrane that contain things within the cell D. Extensions on the outside of the cell that help it absorb nutrients

C

Module 2 Q19: How is the Golgi apparatus like an Amazon warehouse? Choose all correct answers. A. It sorts things B. It ships things out C. It hires extra help at Christmas D. It tags things to go to the correct destination

A and B and D

Module 2 Q20: The structure in a eukaryotic cell that makes ribosomes is called the A. lysosome. B. mitochondria. C. chromatin. D. nucleolus.

D

Module 2 Q21: What is the name of the small structures within cells that build proteins? A. Mitochondria B. Ribosomes C. Vesicles D. Nucleoid

B

Module 2 Q22: Which of the groups listed below have eukaryotic cells? (Choose all correct answers) A. Protists B. Archaea C. Fungi D. Plants E. Bacteria F. Animals

A and C and D and F

Module 2 Q23: Where is the cell wall on a plant cell? A. It is the outermost structure; outside even the cell membrane B. It is the outer surface of the central vacuole C. It is just inside the cell membrane; protecting the cytoplasm D. This is a trick question! Plant cells don't have walls!

A

Module 2 Q24: What is the name of the 'garbage disposal' or 'stomach' organelle of the cell? A. Lysosome B. Mitochondria C. Golgi body D. Digestome

A

Module 2 Q25: You need to identify mystery cells on a microscope slide. You know the cells might be from a plant; an animal; or a bacterium. In the microscope you can see that each cell on the slide HAS mitochondria and a nucleus but NO cell wall or central vacuole. You conclude correctly that the cells A. could be either plant or bacterial cells. B. are animal cells. C. are bacterial cells. D. are plant cells.

B

Module 2 Q26: How do plants stay upright? A. Each of their cells has a rigid cell wall and a central vacuole that fills with water to make the cell firm. All the firm cells help support the plant. B. They have small calcium rods in them; kind of like animal bones. C. Cells on the surface layer of plants develop starch walls on the outside that all connect to form a rigit outer 'armor layer' that supports the plant. In trees this layer develops into bark. D. They have tough protein fibers in their cells that form supportive structures running throughout the plant.

A

Module 2 Q27: Chloroplasts A. convert light energy into chemical energy in ATP B. covert light energy into chemical energy in sugar. C. convert chemical energy in ATP into chemical energy in sugar. D. convert chemical energy in sugar into chemical energy in ATP.

B

Module 2 Q28: What do lysosomes do? (Choose ALL that apply) A. Lysosomes help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles. B. Lysosomes fuse with food vacuoles and digest food. C. Lysosomes synthesize starch from glucose. D. Lysosomes synthesize proteins from amino acids.

A and B

Module 2 Q29: Do plant cells have a cytoskeleton made of protein fibers? A. No. Plant cells are just supported by the cell wall and the central vacuole. B. No. They do have a cytoskeleton; but it is made of carbohydrates like cellulose. C. Plants cells do not have a cytoskeleton inside the cells. Instead they have a system of protein fibers on the outside of cells that connects the cells together. D. Yes and you can see chloroplasts move along the protein fibers of the cytoskeleton when looking at live plant cells under the microscope.

D

Module 2 Q30: According to lecture; what is the function of a central vacuole? A. The central vacuole fills with water and helps animal cells cells move in the right direction. B. The central vacuole is part of the endomembrane system and processes and ships macromolecules. C. The central vacuole fills with water and helps plant cells remain firm and grow. D. The central vacuole is the region of a prokaryotic cell where the chromosome is found.

C

Module 2 Q31: The function of mitochondria is A. photosynthesis. B. intracellular digestion. C. taking energy out of sugar and putting it into ATP. D. lipid synthesis.

C

Module 2 Q32: Which of the following are only found in EUKARYOTIC cells? Select all correct answers A. Nucleus B. Energy-processing organelles C. Ribosomes D. Plasma membrane

A and B

Module 2 Q33: A plant's body (roots; stems; leaves; etc.) usually only contains 17 elements. How many DIFFERENT TYPES OF ATOMS are found in a plant? A. 35 B. 17 C. You can't determine it from this information. D. 25 (like in human bodies)

B

Module 2 Q34: Protons A. Are positively charged subatomic particles found in the middle of atoms. B. Are negatively charged subatomic particles found in the outside of atoms. C. Are negatively charged subatomic particles found in the middle of atoms. D. Are positively charged subatomic particles found in the outside of atoms.

A

Module 2 Q35: Select everything that is made of atoms and molecules in the list below: A. The earth B. Water C. The computer you are working on D. You

A and B and C and D

Module 2 Q36: What is the name of the smallest unit of an element? A. an atom B. a molecule C. a subatomic particle D. a cell

A

Module 2 Q37: Which list below contains the 4 chemical elements that make up 96% of your body? A. Carbon; Hydrogen; Oxygen; Nitrogen B. Water; Protein; Carbohydrate; Lipid C. Selenium; Calcium; Carbon; Sulfur D. Protein; Carbohydrate; Nucleic acid; Lipid

A

Module 2 Q38.1: What is the letter symbol for Hydrogen?

H

Module 2 Q38.2: What is the letter symbol for Carbon?

C

Module 2 Q38.3: What is the letter symbol for Oxygen?

O

Module 2 Q38.4: What is the letter symbol for Chlorine?

Cl

Module 2 Q38.5: What is the letter symbol for Sodium?

Na

Module 2 Q39: Which of the following are giant macromolecules important in life? (Select ALL that apply) A. Hydrogen B. Water C. Carbohydrates D. Proteins

C and D

Module 2 Q40: What is the TOTAL number of different elements found in the human body? A. 92 B. 86 C. 25 D. 54

C

Module 2 Q41.1: Name the first of the four elements that make up about 96% of your body.

Carbon

Module 2 Q41.2: Name the second of the four elements that make up about 96% of your body.

Hydrogen

Module 2 Q41.3: Name the third of the four elements that make up about 96% of your body.

Oxygen

Module 2 Q41.4: Name the fourth of the four elements that make up about 96% of your body.

Nitrogen

Module 2 Q42: What is the difference between an atom and a molecule? A. Atoms are charged whereas molecules have no charge. B. Atoms of an element always have to be identical; whereas molecules do not. C. Molecules and atoms are both single smallest units of elements but atoms are units of smaller elements. D. An atom is a single smallest unit of an element; whereas a molecule is 2 or more atoms joined together by bonds.

D

Module 2 Q43: An ion A. is an atom that has lost or gained ELECTRONS. B. is an atom that has the same number of protons and electrons. C. is an atom that has lost or gained PROTONS. D. is an atom that does not contain the usual number of NEUTRONS.

A

Module 2 Q44: Functions of ions in the body include (choose all that apply): A. Getting energy out of food B. Muscle contraction C. Nerve signals D. Water balance of cells (so they don't shrink or pop)

B and C and D

Module 2 Q45: What happens when chlorine (Cl) forms a chloride ion (Cl-)? A. The chlorine atom never becomes an ion. This is a trick question. B. The chlorine atom loses a proton so it becomes negative. C. The chlorine atom gains an electron so that it has one more electron than proton. D. The chlorine atom loses and electron so that it has one more proton than electron.

C

Module 2 Q46: What is another name for many of the ions in the body? A. Buffers B. Hydrophobic C. Electrolytes D. Ribosomes

C

Module 2 Q47: What happens when sodium (Na) forms a sodium ion (Na+)? A. The sodium atom gains an electron so that it has one more electron than proton. B. The sodium atom never becomes an ion. This is a trick question. C. The sodium atom loses a proton so it becomes positive. D. The sodium atom loses and electron so that it has one more proton than electron.

D

Module 2 Q48: Which of the following are true of POLAR substances? Select all correct answers. A. They are never found in living organisms. B. They are likely to mix with water. C. Their molecules have regions of positive and negative charge on them. D. They cannot form hydrogen bonds.

B and C

Module 2 Q49: The image below shows lithium reacting with fluorine to form lithium fluoride. Lithium loses an electron and fluorine gains an electron in the process. Select ALL of the following that are true: A. The reactants are atoms and the products are ions. B. The product; LiF; contains molecules. C. The reactants are ions and the products are atoms. D. The product; LiF; is an ionic compound; or salt

A and D

Module 2 Q50: Select all that are true of a compound: A. O2 is an example of one. B. H2O is an example of one. C. It is a substance consisting of 2 or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio. D. It has properties similar to the elements that make it up.

B and C

Module 2 Q51: Which of the following is a nonpolar substance? A. Alcohol B. Water C. Vinegar D. Oil

D

Module 2 Q52: Is there such a thing as a molecule of table salt? A. Yes B. No

B

Module 2 Q53: Sodium chloride is a salt made of sodium ions and chloride ions. How are these ions arranged in the salt crystals? A. Sodium ions and chloride ions arrange in a regular structure in the crystal; but it is not made of molecules. B. Sodium ions and chloride ions are attracted to each other and stick together in crystals; but the arrangement of the ions is irregular and random. C. Each molecule of sodium chloride contains two sodiums and a chloride. The molecules are arranged into crystals. D. Each molecule of sodium chloride contains one sodium and one chloride. The molecules form crystals.

A