General Chemistry I - Aqueous Solutions and Reactions

Flashcards covering the key concepts of aqueous solutions and precipitation reactions from the General Chemistry I lecture notes.

What is a solution?

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

What are the components of a solution?

The substance present in the greatest quantity is the solvent, while the other substances are the solutes.

In an aqueous solution, what is the solvent when sodium chloride is dissolved in water?

Water is the solvent.

What is an electrolyte solution?

An electrolyte solution conducts electricity.

What do H₂O molecules do when sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves?

They separate Na+ and Cl- ions from the solid NaCl.

What is the difference between strong and weak electrolytes?

Strong electrolytes fully dissociate in solution, while weak electrolytes partially dissociate.

What occurs in a precipitation reaction?

Reactants combine to form an insoluble product (precipitate).

What type of follow-up reaction occurs when H+(aq) combines with hydroxide ions?

The reaction forms water (H₂O).

What are solubility guidelines?

They determine whether ionic compounds are soluble or insoluble in water.

What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between BaCl₂ and K₂SO₄?

BaCl₂(aq) + K₂SO₄(aq) → BaSO₄(s) + 2KCl(aq).