Types and Classifications of Research in Nursing

What is research?

A systematic and scientific process to answer questions about facts and relationships between facts.

What does nursing research aim to discover?

Facts related to specific problems or questions about the practice of nursing.

What is the primary purpose of nursing research?

To develop knowledge about health and promote effective nursing care.

What is basic (pure) research?

Research conducted to expand knowledge without immediate practical application, aimed at understanding fundamental principles.

What is applied research?

Research designed to solve specific, practical problems or answer questions with immediate real-world implications.

What is action research?

A cyclical process of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting, typically conducted by practitioners to improve their own practices.

What type of data does quantitative research focus on?

Numerical data and statistical analysis to quantify attitudes, opinions, and behaviors.

What is qualitative research?

Research that focuses on understanding human behavior and experiences through open-ended data collection methods like interviews and observations.

What is the goal of phenomenological research?

To understand the lived experiences of individuals concerning a particular phenomenon.

What is the significance of classification in research?

It helps in understanding the goals, design, and expected outcomes of different types of research.

What is a sample title for basic research?

"The Impact of Cognitive Load on Short-Term Memory Recall in Adults"

What is a sample title for applied research?

"Effectiveness of a New Reading Intervention Program on Literacy Rates in Grade 3 Students"

What is a sample title for action research?

"Improving Student Engagement in Online Learning Through Gamification: A Teacher's Reflective Study"

What methods are commonly used in quantitative research?

Surveys with closed-ended questions, experiments, and analysis of pre-existing statistical data.

What is the focus of qualitative research?

Understanding concepts, experiences, and perspectives in-depth, often exploratory.

What does nursing research enhance?

The body of professional knowledge in nursing and provides a foundation for evidence-based practices.

What is the role of research in nursing education?

To improve professional education and practices and use resources effectively.

What is the outcome of basic research?

The generation, testing, and expansion of theories that describe, explain, or predict phenomena.

What is the relationship between nursing research and health problems?

Nursing research identifies new knowledge to respond effectively to actual or potential health problems.

What is the aim of applied research?

To test the practical limits of descriptive theories and answer questions related to their applicability.

What is the cyclical nature of action research?

It involves planning, acting, observing, and reflecting to improve practices.

What type of data does qualitative research analyze?

Non-numerical data such as interviews, observations, and textual analysis.

What is the purpose of research in the nursing profession?

To expand knowledge essential for continued growth of the nursing profession.

What is the significance of evidence-based nursing practices?

They are grounded in research findings that enhance the quality of nursing care.

What is the focus of quantitative research?

To quantify attitudes, opinions, and behaviors and generalize results from a larger sample population.

What is the importance of understanding research classifications?

It aids in comprehending the diverse methodologies and purposes of research.

What is ethnographic research?

A qualitative research method where the researcher immerses themselves in a cultural group to understand their behaviors and beliefs.

What is the main goal of grounded theory?

To develop a theory grounded in data collected from participants, identifying themes and patterns.

What does case study research involve?

An in-depth investigation of a single case within its real-life context, using multiple data sources.

What is narrative research focused on?

Understanding individuals' experiences through their personal stories and the meanings attributed to them.

What is mixed methods research?

An approach that combines qualitative and quantitative research methods to gain richer insights.

What is descriptive research?

Research aimed at describing characteristics of a population or phenomenon, answering 'what' questions.

What is correlational research?

A non-experimental design used to determine the relationship between two or more variables without manipulation.

What does a positive correlation indicate?

As one variable increases, the other variable also increases.

What does a negative correlation indicate?

As one variable increases, the other variable decreases.

What is causal-comparative research?

Research that attempts to determine the cause of existing differences between groups without manipulating variables.

What is experimental research designed to test?

Cause-and-effect relationships between variables by manipulating an independent variable.

What is cross-sectional research?

A method that observes a sample at a single point in time to assess prevalence or associations.

What is longitudinal research?

A method that collects data from the same sample over an extended period to track changes over time.

What is the purpose of correlational research?

To measure the strength and direction of relationships between variables and predict outcomes.

What is a key limitation of correlational research?

Correlation does not imply causation; a relationship may exist without one variable causing the other.

What is a sample title for a grounded theory study?

'The Lived Experience of Adjusting to Life After a Stroke: A Grounded Theory.'

What is a sample title for a case study research?

'Integrating Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing: A Case Study.'

What is a sample title for a mixed methods study?

'Nurses' Perceptions of Technology Implementation in Healthcare and its Effect on Workflow: A Mixed Methods Study.'

What is the significance of descriptive research?

It provides new knowledge and serves as a preliminary step for further research.

What is an example of a positive correlation?

The relationship between study time and grades.

What is an example of a negative correlation?

The relationship between screen time and sleep quality.

What is the main characteristic of experimental research?

It involves manipulating an independent variable to observe its effect on a dependent variable.

What is the primary focus of narrative research?

To analyze the sequence of events and meanings in personal narratives.

What does grounded theory aim to build?

A new theory based on data collected from participants.

What type of research is often a preliminary to correlational or experimental studies?

Descriptive research.

What is the goal of mixed methods research?

To draw on the strengths of both qualitative and quantitative data for richer insights.

What is a theory in nursing research?

An abstract generalization that explains how phenomena are interrelated, consisting of two or more concepts and propositions.

What is a model in nursing research?

Conceptual models deal with abstractions that are assembled due to their relevance to a common theme, while schematic models visually represent relationships among phenomena.

What is a framework in a research study?

The conceptual underpinning of a study; it can be a theoretical framework if based on a theory or a conceptual framework if based on a conceptual model.

What does Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model focus on?

It explains health-promoting behaviors using a wellness orientation, such as examining disease management behaviors in patients with epilepsy.

What are the three major concepts of Pamela Reed's Self-transcendence Theory?

Vulnerability, Self-transcendence, and Well-being.

What is a literature review?

A written summary of the state of evidence on a research problem, useful for acquiring skills in reading, critiquing, and preparing evidence summaries.

What is one purpose of related literature in research?

To present a strong knowledge base for the conduct of the research project.

How can related literature help researchers?

It demonstrates the researcher's grasp of related issues and reflects awareness of recent developments in the area of concern.

What is conceptual or theoretical literature?

Non-research reference materials written by authorities that embody experiences, viewpoints, and interpretations of the research study subject.

What is research or empirical literature?

Studies and research theses that have a bearing on the current research, including data-based research reports.

What are primary sources in research?

Information taken directly from original research or authors, peer-reviewed and published in research journals.

What is the significance of refereed journals?

They have a panel of external/internal reviewers who evaluate submitted manuscripts for possible publication.

What are secondary sources in research?

Information taken from a researcher who cited the original author, including reviews and critiques of previous studies.

What is the purpose of a thesis critique?

To appraise vital components of a study, including the problem, methodology, results, and conclusions.

What are the major steps in doing a literature review?

Formulate and refine a strategy, screen resources for relevance, prepare and analyze primary and secondary materials.

What is the purpose of developing a search strategy in literature review?

To identify keywords, perform subject searches, and utilize Boolean operators for effective database searching.

What is the Ancestry Approach in literature review?

A method of searching by following citations from relevant works to find additional sources.

What is the Descendancy Approach in literature review?

A method of searching that involves looking at the references of a key article to find subsequent studies that cite it.