chapter 15: the male reproductive system

penis

used for sexual intercourse and urination

pen/i, phall/i

penis (I)

testicles

produce spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone

orch/o, orchid/o, test/i

testicles

spermatozoa

these male gametes are necessary for the fertilization of an ovum

sperm/o, spermat/o

spermatozoa

andr/o

male, masculine

balan/o

glans penis

-cele

hernia or swelling

epididym/o

epididymis

olig/o

scanty, few

-pause

stopping

prostat/o

prostate gland

semin/I

semen, seed, sperm

varic/o

varicose veins

venere/o

venereal, sexual intercourse

Androgen replacement therapy (ART)

A.k.a. testosterone replacement therapy is sometimes used to treat conditions related to testosterone loss, such as male, hypogonadism especially men over the age of 40

Andrologist

a doctor focusing on the treatment of conditions affecting male fertility and sexuality

azoospermia

The absence of sperm in the semen

balanitis

an inflammation of the glans penis that is usually caused by poor hygiene in men who have not had the foreskin removed by circumcision

bilateral orchiectomy (castration)

is the surgical removal or destruction of both testicles

bulbourethral glands

(2) located just below the prostate gland

chancre

sore caused by syphilis

chlamydia

crossed by the bacteria, chlamydia, trachomatis; is the most common reported STD in the US

circumcision

The surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis

Cryopreservation

when used for sperm allows a man to freeze his sperm indefinitely to use later for in vitro fertilization, intrauterine insemination, or sperm donation

cryptorchidism

aka undescended testicle is a developmental defect seen in newborns in which one are both of the testicles have failed to descend into their normal position in the scrotum

ejaculation

The act of discharging semen from the body

ejaculatory duct

begins as the vas deferents, passes through the proceed land and empties into the urethra

Epididymis

A painful inflammation of the

epididymis resulting from a bacterial infection

erectile dysfunction (impotence)

the inability of the male to achieve or maintain a penile erection

foreskin (prepuce)

a retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers and protects the glans penis

Gamete

A male or female reproductive cell that is a sperm or an ovum

Genital herpes

caused by the herpes Symplex virus type one or herpes Symplex virus type two

genitourinary

relating to both a genital and urinary organ

glans penis (head of the penis)

is the sensitive region located at the tip of the penis

gonorrhea (GC)

A highly contagious condition caused by the bacterium neisseria gonorrhoeae

hematospermia

the presence of blood in the semen

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

transmitted through exposure to infected body fluids, particularly through sexual intercourse with an infected partner

human papilloma virus

causes genital warts

hydrocele

A fluid filled sack in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles

inguinal hernia (groin hernia)

protrusion of tissue, often part of the small intestine, through the inguinal canal

male hypergonadism (testosterone deficiency)

deficient secretions from the grown ads can cause symptoms that may include impaired sexual development or erectile dysfunction, depending on the age of onset

orchiectomy, orchidectomy

The surgical removal of one or both testicles

oligospermia

A sperm count of below 15,000,000 million/mL

orchiopexy

The repair of cryptorchidism, which is an undescended testicle

penis (s)

The male sex organ that transports the sperm out of the body

Perineum

The area between the scrotum and the anus

Peyronie's disease

also known as penile curvature, is a form of sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection

phimosis

narrowing of the opening of the foreskin, so it cannot be retracted to expose the glans penis

priapism

A painful and persistent erection the last four hours or more, but it's either not caused by sexual excitement or does not go away after sexual excitement has ended

Pubic Lice (Crabs)

are small parasites that can be transmitted during sexual contact or via bed linens

scrotum

The sack like structure that surrounds protects and supports the testicles

Semen

The whitish fluid containing sperm that is ejaculated through the urethra at the peak of male sexual excitement

seminal vesicles

glands that secrete a thick yellow substance to nourish the sperm cells

seminiferous tubules

Sperm are formed within the ____ of each testicle.

sexually transmitted diseases

infections caused by either bacteria or viruses that affect both male and female

sexually transmitted infections

Although all STDs are caused by infections, not all sexually transmitted infections (STIs) develop into a disease. Someone who has an STI can be a carrier for an STD without ever developing any disease.

sperm count a.k.a. semen analysis

The testing are freshly ejaculated semen to determine the volume plus the number shaped size and motility of the sperm

Speematogenesis

The process of sperm formation

spermatozoa (sperm)

are the male gametes necessary to fertilize a female gamete

syphilis

caused by the bacterium treponema pallidum, has many symptoms that are difficult to distinguish from other STDs

testes (testicles)

are the two small egg shaped glands that produce the sperm

testicular torsion

twisting of the spermatic cord leading into the testicle, causing sharp pain in the scrotum

testis

are the two small egg shaped glands that produce the sperm

testosterone

a steroid hormone secreted by the testicles and the adrenal cortex

Trichomoniasis (trich)

an infection caused by the parasite

trichomonas vaginalis

urethral meatus

The external opening for the urethra at the tip of the glans penis

urologist

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disease diseases and disorders of the genitourinary system of males and the urinary system of females

varicocele

A knot of widening varicose veins in one side of the scrotum

vas deferens (ductus deferens)

are the long narrow continuations of each epididymis

vas

vessel

deferens

carrying down

vasectomy

The male sterilization procedure in which a small portion of the vas deferens is surgically blocked or cut

vasocasostomy aka vasectomy reversal

is the procedure performed as an attempt to restore fertility to a vasectomized man

varicocelectomy

The removal of a portion of an enlarged vein to relieve varicocele inside the scrotum

venereologist

A Doctor Who specializes in the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases and infections

resect/o

surgical removal, excision, resection

-trophy

growth and development

-plasia

proper development

-cele

herniation, hernia

supra-

located above