Environmental Policy

What is NOT one of Ostrom’s principles for successful CPR management?

Prohibition of collective decision-making processes

Legislators and decision-makers tend to be cornucopias while advocacy organizations, experts and the media tend to be environmentalists. True or false?

False

The tragedy of the commons is described how?

The individual benefit of resource extraction is greater than the individual cost. This means that the cost of overusing the resource isn’t high enough to outweigh the benefits.

What resulted in the successful management of fisheries in Alanya Turkey?

A rotating system of fishing site allocations agreed upon collectively by local fishers

What does the Coase theorem require to achieve an efficient solution to externalities?

Well-defined property rights and low transaction costs

Concept of environmental governance with decentralized, local, or regional approaches to managing resources

Bottom up

What is a positive externality?

An unintended benefit that spills over to a third party not directly involved in an economic transaction

What is a negative externality?

A cost imposed on a third party, who is not directly involved in the transaction

Who makes the laws in the legislative branch?

Congress AKA The Senate and The House of Representatives

Who executes and enforces the laws?

The president and the vice president

Who is in the judicial branch?

The Supreme Court

What is a window of opportunity in regard to environmental policies?

A problem with an available solution that can gain sufficient political support

What is the command and control policy instrument?

A regulatory approach that sets standards or limits on pollution emissions and mandates compliance through penalties.

What is an environmental impact statement (EIS)?

A report of results from detailed studies that assess the potential effects on the environment that would likely result from development projects or other actions undertaken by the government

What is REDD?

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries