Media and Information Languages Flashcards

Flashcards covering media and information languages, including technical and symbolic codes, camera techniques, and audience types for Senior High School MIL Quarter 1, Week 3-4.

Language

The technical and symbolic ingredients or codes and conventions that media and information professionals may select and use to communicate ideas, information and knowledge.

Codes

Systems of signs which create meaning when put together.

Conventions

Accepted ways of using media codes or standards that act as a rule governing behavior.

Camera Shots

A continuous view filmed by one camera without interruption.

Camera Angles

The specific location at which the movie camera or video camera is placed to take a shot.

Genre

A French word that means type or class, recognized by its common set of distinguishing features which include codes and conventions.

Producers

The providers of media content who are engaged in the process of creating and putting together media content to make a finished media product.

Stakeholders

A person, group or organization with a vested interest, or stake, in the decision-making and activities of a business, organization or project.

Media Languages

Codes, conventions, formats, symbols and narrative structures that indicate the meaning of media messages to an audience.

Technical Codes

Ways in which equipment is used to tell a story, including camerawork, editing, audio, and lighting.

Camerawork

Refers to how the camera is operated, positioned, and moved for specific effects.

Extreme Wide Shots (EWS)

Also known as extreme long shots, these are used to establish the area.

Wide Shots (WS)

Also known as long shot, this shows the entire person or area and is great for establishing the scene.

Medium Shots (MS)

Frames the subject from the waist up, allowing for hand gestures and motion.

Medium Close Ups (MCU)

Shots that show the subject in more detail, often framed from just below the shoulders to the top of the head.

Close Ups (CU)

Shots that show a particular part of the subject, usually framing just the head for people.

Extreme Close Ups (ECU)

Tighter close-up shots that show detail greater than the human eye might normally perceive.

Two Shot

A shot of two people or other individuals together.

Cut Away (CA)

Footage used in the editing process to fill in content that is different from the main action.

Over the Shoulder Shots (OSS)

Shots taken from behind one person towards their subject.

Point of View (POV)

A shot taken from near the eye-level of the actor showing what he or she might see.

Selective Focus

A technique that leaves one part of the frame in focus while blurring others, such as the foreground or background.

Rack Focus

A shot where the focus shifts from the foreground to the background.

Bird’s Eye View

An overhead shot from way up high, looking down on a subject and the surrounding scenery.

High Angle

An angle where the camera looks down, making the subject appear small and creating a feeling of inferiority.

Eye Level

A straight-on angle that views a subject from the level of a person's eye, providing a neutral perspective.

Low Angle

An angle where the camera looks up, making the subject look large and creating an impression of power.

Worm’s Eye View

A shot taken as if from a worm looking up, making all subjects look very large.

Canted/Slanted Angle

Also known as a Dutch angle, where the camera is slanted to one side to create a sense of disorientation.

Pan Shot

A camera movement where the camera moves horizontally from left to right or vice versa across the picture.

Tilt Shot

A camera movement where the camera moves upwards or downwards around a vertical line.

Tracking Shot

A shot where the camera follows along next to or behind a moving object or person.

Zoom

A stationary camera technique where the lens approaches a subject by "zooming in" or moves farther away by "zooming out".

Editing

The process of choosing, manipulating and arranging images and sound for graphic, rhythmic, spacial, or temporal reasons.

Audio

The expressive or naturalistic use of sound, which can be diegetic or non-diegetic, consisting of dialogue, sound effects, and music.

Lighting

The manipulation of natural or artificial light to highlight specific elements, involving quality, direction, source, and color.

Symbolic Codes

Codes that show what is beneath the surface of what is seen, including objects, setting, color, costume, and body language.

Written Codes

Formal written language and textual layout, such as headlines, captions, and speech bubbles, used in media products.

Story Conventions

Common narrative structures and understandings used in storytelling media products, such as cause and effect or the structuring of time.

Genre Conventions

Common use of tropes, characters, settings, or themes associated with a particular type of medium.

Form Conventions

Specific ways that media codes are expected to be arranged, such as page layout or titles and credits sequences.

Message

The information sent to a receiver from a source.

Audience

The group of consumers for whom the media message was constructed as well as anyone else exposed to it.

Target Audience

The specific group of people to whom a media text is addressed based on shared characteristics like age, gender, or profession.

Active Audience

The theory that people interpret media messages based on their own history and experience, meaning different groups may interpret the same message differently.