Jazz History Flashcards

A collection of significant jazz musicians, their primary instruments, and their major contributions to the genre as provided in the lecture notes.

Jelly Roll Morton

piano, first jazz arranger

Duke Ellington

piano/composer

Benny Goodman

clarinet/bandleader, brought jazz to Carnegie Hall; integrated the jazz band

Count Basie

piano, big band leader

Vocalists

Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, Joe Williams

Charlie Parker ‐Bird‑

alto saxophone, great virtuosity; tragic lifestyle

Dizzy Gillespie

trumpet, virtuosity; sense of humor; Afro-Cuban rhythms into jazz; educator

Dave Brubeck

piano/composer, unusual meters, ‐Take Five‑

Paul Desmond

alto saxophonist with Brubeck, lyrical sound

Stan Getz

tenor saxophone, brought bossa nova to jazz, ‐Girl From Ipanema‑

Miles Davis

‐Birth of the Cool‑ band, Gil Evans, arranger

Chet Baker

trumpeter/vocalist, natural, lyrical musician; tragic lifestyle

Art Blakey

drums, Jazz Messengers; farm team for future leaders; blues + bebop

Horace Silver

piano/composer, repetitive comping; wrote standards

Cannonball Adderley

alto saxophone, ‐soul jazz‑

Clifford Brown

trumpet, virtuoso

Sonny Rollins

tenor saxophone, motivic development

Miles Davis (1950s)

‐First Great Quintet‑ (Prestige records band)

Miles Davis (1960s)

‐Kind of Blue‑ (relaxed)

John Coltrane

‐Impressions‑ (tense, energetic); ‐A Love Supreme‑ (spiritual)

Charles Mingus

bass/composer, used several eras; ‐organized chaos‑; strong personality

Thelonious Monk

piano/composer, combination of logic and surprise; motivic development

Bill Evans

pianist on ‐Kind of Blue‑, led interactive trio

Keith Jarrett

piano, solo concerts and interactive trio

Chick Corea

fusion pioneer, keyboards/piano, Spanish influence

Herbie Hancock

fusion pioneer, keyboards/piano, ‐Chameleon‑

Joe Zawinul

fusion pioneer, keyboards/piano, Weather Report

John McLaughlin

fusion pioneer, guitar, heavy rock influence

Michael Brecker

saxophone/EWI

Pat Metheny

guitar/synthesizer/composer, World music influence

Snarky Puppy

modern fusion band

Wynton Marsalis

trumpet, return to acoustic roots; recreate Swing Era music

Nicholas Payton

multi instrumentalist and outspoken advocate for social justice.

Roy Hargrove

Trumpeter from Waco who popularized hip-hop in jazz music.