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Biodiversity
refers to the number of species in an area
Biomes
Regions of the biosphere that share certain environmental conditions, such as climate, and have a certain set of organisms adapted to those conditions
Population
all the organisms of the same species and living in the same area
Habitat
the smaller part of an ecosystem that an organism prefers to live in
Niche
the way an organism lives in its habitat, including its effects on that habitat and on other organisms that share the habitat
Autotrophs
also known as producers; an organism that makes its own food
Biomass
the total amount of living matter that an ecosystem can support
Parasitism
exhibited when an organism depends on another organism for food, called the host.
Vertical Zonation
Ecological layers within a biome due to factors such as geographical elevation or depth of water
Symbiosis
the phenomenon of different animals living together and interacting with each other within a particular habitat.
Mutualism
two different organisms living together and interacting with each other in a way that benefits both organisms
Commensalism
When one organism benefits from the other but the other is neither helped nor harmed
Amensalism
one organism is injured while the other is unaffected
Neutralism
When two organisms live in the same neighborhood but don't pray on the same food items and aren't directly affected by one another
Detritus
waste products of plants and animals
Benthic Organisms
Organisms that live on the ocean floor
Pelagic Organisms
Organisms that swim or drift with the ocean currents
Climate
average weather in an area over an extended period of time constitutes an area's climate
Timberline
On a mountain, temperatures and precipitation are insufficient to grow trees above a certain elevation
Competition
When organisms try to use the same resource
Species Richness
Describes the number of species within an ecosystem
Species Evenness
Compares the population sizes of the species within an ecosystem
Abiotic Factors
Nonliving aspects of an ecosystem
Biotic Factors
Living parts of an ecosystem
Ecology
Study of the interrelationships between organisms and organisms of the same species, those of different species and their environment
