GB and New Deal Test

New Deal

The name of President Roosevelt's program for getting the United States out of the depression

Charles Coughlin

A radio priest who was anti-Semetic and anti-New Deal. He catered away some support from FDR.

Eleanor Roosevelt

FDR's Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws. She also worked for birth control and better conditions for working women

Huey Long

Political leader from Louisiana who criticized the New Deal

Fireside Chat

informal talks given by FDR over the radio; sat by White House fireplace; gave hope to the country, gained the confidence of the people

The Wizard of Oz

A 1939 movie that was an instant hit during the Depression because it allowed people to forget their troubles and focus on musicals and the characters in an entirely different world.

John Steinbeck

American novelist who wrote "The Grapes of Wrath". (1939) A story of Dustbowl victims who travel to California to look for a better life.

NIRA

1933 National Industrial Recovery Act. Recovery. Created NRA to enforce codes of fair competition, minimum wages, and to permit collective bargaining of workers.

FDIC

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: a federally sponsored corporation that insures accounts in national banks and other qualified institutions

AAA

Agricultural Adjustment Administration: attempted to regulate agricultural production through farm subsidies; ruled unconstitutional in 1936; disbanded after World War II

TVA

(Tennessee Valley Authority Act) Relief, Recover, and Reform. one of the most important acts that built a hyro-electric dam for needed areas. provided cheap power

CCC

Civilian Conservation Corps. It was Relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc.

Bank Holiday

All the banks were ordered to close until new laws could be passed. An emergency banking law was rushed through Congress. The Law set up new ways for the federal government to funnel money to troubled banks It also required the Treasury Department to inspect banks before they could re-open.

Frances Perkins

U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman ever appointed to the cabinet.

Second Bonus Army

A second Bonus Army came in May 1933 and this time was greeted by the new president's wife, Eleanor Roosevelt, and presidential assistant Louis Howe. Although again no bonus legislation was passed, Congress did create the Civilian Conservation Corps, in which many of the veterans were able to find work.

Social Security

(FDR) 1935, guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health

Court Packing Fiasco

-FDR wanted to pass a bill that increased number of supreme court justices. Why...some of his new deal programs were called unconstitutional. He wanted justices on his side.

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

charged a high tax for imports thereby leading to less trade between America and foreign countries along with some economic retaliation

Red Scare

fear that communists were working to destroy the American way of life

Dawes Plan

A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S. This circular flow of money was a success.

Scottosboro Boys

- black boys and young men ranging in age from 13-21

- were convicted of raping two white women while riding a freight train

- all were sentenced to death

- injustice of the case sparked protests throughout the world

- Alabama eventually dropped te charges

Sacco and Vanzetti

were two italian born american laborers and anarchists who were tired convicted and executed via electrocution on Aug 3 1927 in Ma for the 1920 armed robbery. it is believed they had nothing to do with the crime

Hoover vs FDR

Hoover: Believed that the government should not be involved in businesses.

Roosevelt: Felt it was the government's job to create programs to help the U.S. out of the Great Depression. Thought the public should know about government issues and be informed.

Election of 1932

Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, beat the Republican, Herbert Hoover, who was running for reelection. FDR promised relief for the unemployed, help for farmers, and a balanced budget.

Glass-Steagall Act

established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and included banking reforms, some of which were designed to control speculation

Emergency Banking Act

A government legislation passed during the depression that dealt with the bank problem. The act allowed a plan which would close down insolvent banks and reorganize and reopen those banks strong enough to survive.