AP Art History Unit 3 Greco Roman - Roman Art

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45 Terms

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Petra: West and Central Asia, 500 BCE - 1980 CE

Content Area 2

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Ashlar masonry

carefully cut and grooved stones that support a building without the use of concrete or other kinds of masonry (this technique describes buildings without mortar)

<p>carefully cut and grooved stones that support a building without the use of concrete or other kinds of masonry (this technique describes buildings without mortar)</p>
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Atrium (plural: atria)

a courtyard in a Roman house or before a Christian church

<p>a courtyard in a Roman house or before a Christian church</p>
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Basilica

in Roman architecture, a large axially planned building with a nave, side aisles, and apses

<p>in Roman architecture, a large axially planned building with a nave, side aisles, and apses</p>
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Bust

a sculpture depicting a head, neck, and upper chest of a figure

<p>a sculpture depicting a head, neck, and upper chest of a figure</p>
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Coffer

in architecture, a sunken panel in a ceiling

<p>in architecture, a sunken panel in a ceiling</p>
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Composite column

one that contains a combination of volutes from the Ionic order and acanthus leaves from the Corinthian order

<p>one that contains a combination of volutes from the Ionic order and acanthus leaves from the Corinthian order</p>
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Continuous narrative

a work of art that contains several scenes of the same story painted or sculpted in continuous succession

<p>a work of art that contains several scenes of the same story painted or sculpted in continuous succession</p>
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Contrapposto

a graceful arrangement of the body based on tilted shoulders and hips and bent knees

<p>a graceful arrangement of the body based on tilted shoulders and hips and bent knees</p>
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Cubiculum (plural: cubicula)

a Roman bedroom flanking an atrium; in Early Christian art, a mortuary chapel in a catacomb

<p>a Roman bedroom flanking an atrium; in Early Christian art, a mortuary chapel in a catacomb</p>
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Cupola

a small dome rising over the roof of a building; in architecture, a cupola is achieved by rotating an arch on its axis

<p>a small dome rising over the roof of a building; in architecture, a cupola is achieved by rotating an arch on its axis</p>
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Encaustic

an ancient method of painting that uses colored waxes burned into a wooden surface

<p>an ancient method of painting that uses colored waxes burned into a wooden surface</p>
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Foreshortening

a visual effect in which an object is shortened and turned deeper into the picture plane to give the effect of receding in space

<p>a visual effect in which an object is shortened and turned deeper into the picture plane to give the effect of receding in space</p>
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Forum (plural: fora)

a public square in a Roman city

<p>a public square in a Roman city</p>
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Fresco

a painting technique that involves applying water-based paint onto a freshly plastered wall. The paint forms a bond with the plaster that is durable and long-lasting

<p>a painting technique that involves applying water-based paint onto a freshly plastered wall. The paint forms a bond with the plaster that is durable and long-lasting</p>
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Horror vacui

(Latin for a "fear of empty spaces") a type of artwork in which the entire surface is filled with objects, people, designs, and ornaments in a crowded, sometimes congested way

<p>(Latin for a "fear of empty spaces") a type of artwork in which the entire surface is filled with objects, people, designs, and ornaments in a crowded, sometimes congested way</p>
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Impluvium

a rectangular basin in a Roman house that is placed in the open-air atrium in order to collect rainwater

<p>a rectangular basin in a Roman house that is placed in the open-air atrium in order to collect rainwater</p>
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Oculus

a circular window in a church, or a round opening at the top of a dome

<p>a circular window in a church, or a round opening at the top of a dome</p>
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Peristyle

an atrium surrounded by columns in a Roman house

<p>an atrium surrounded by columns in a Roman house</p>
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Perspective

depth and recession in a painting or a relief sculpture. Objects shown in linear perspective achieve a three-dimensionality in the two-dimensional world of the picture plane. Lines, called orthogonals, draw the viewer back in space to a common point, called the vanishing point. Paintings, however, may have more than one vanishing point, with orthogonals leading the eye to several parts of the work. Landscapes that give the illusion of distance are in atmospheric or aerial perspective

<p>depth and recession in a painting or a relief sculpture. Objects shown in linear perspective achieve a three-dimensionality in the two-dimensional world of the picture plane. Lines, called orthogonals, draw the viewer back in space to a common point, called the vanishing point. Paintings, however, may have more than one vanishing point, with orthogonals leading the eye to several parts of the work. Landscapes that give the illusion of distance are in atmospheric or aerial perspective</p>
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linear perspective

achieve a three-dimensionality in the two-dimensional world of the picture plane

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orthogonals

Lines that draw the viewer back in space to a common point, called the vanishing point. Paintings, however, may have more than one vanishing point, with "these lines" leading the eye to several parts of the work.

<p>Lines that draw the viewer back in space to a common point, called the vanishing point. Paintings, however, may have more than one vanishing point, with "these lines" leading the eye to several parts of the work.</p>
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atmospheric/aerial perspective

Landscapes that give the illusion of distance are in...

<p>Landscapes that give the illusion of distance are in...</p>
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Pier

a vertical support that holds up an arch or a vault

<p>a vertical support that holds up an arch or a vault</p>
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Spandrel

a triangular space enclosed by the curves of arches

<p>a triangular space enclosed by the curves of arches</p>
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Triclinium

a dining table in ancient Rome that has a couch on three sides for reclining at meals; or a room containing a triclinium

<p>a dining table in ancient Rome that has a couch on three sides for reclining at meals; or a room containing a triclinium</p>
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Tuscan order

an order of ancient architecture featuring slender, smooth columns that sit on simple bases; no carvings on the frieze or in the capitals; a Doric column but with an added base

<p>an order of ancient architecture featuring slender, smooth columns that sit on simple bases; no carvings on the frieze or in the capitals; a Doric column but with an added base</p>
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Vault

A roof constructed with arches. When an arch is extended in space, forming a tunnel, it is called a barrel vault. When two barrel vaults intersect at right angles it is called a groin vault.

<p>A roof constructed with arches. When an arch is extended in space, forming a tunnel, it is called a barrel vault. When two barrel vaults intersect at right angles it is called a groin vault.</p>
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Veristic

sculptures from the Roman Republic characterized by extreme realism of facial features

<p>sculptures from the Roman Republic characterized by extreme realism of facial features</p>
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Ancient Mediterranean, 3500 BCE - 300 CE

Content Area 1

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753 BCE

Legendary founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus

<p>Legendary founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus</p>
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509-27 BCE

Roman Republic

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27 BCE - 410 CE

Roman Empire

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House of the Vettii

2nd Century BCE-1st century CE, rebuilt 67-79 CE

<p>2nd Century BCE-1st century CE, rebuilt 67-79 CE</p>
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Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater)

72-80 CE

<p>72-80 CE</p>
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Treasury and Great Temple of Petra

400 BCE-100 CE

<p>400 BCE-100 CE</p>
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Forum of Trajan

106-112 CE

<p>106-112 CE</p>
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Basilica of Ulpia

112 CE

<p>112 CE</p>
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Trajan Markets

106-112 BCE

<p>106-112 BCE</p>
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Pantheon

118-125 CE

<p>118-125 CE</p>
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Pentheus Room

62-79 CE

<p>62-79 CE</p>
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Head of a Roman patrician

75-50 BCE

<p>75-50 BCE</p>
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Augustus of Prima Porta

early 1st century CE

<p>early 1st century CE</p>
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Column of Trajan

113 CE

<p>113 CE</p>
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Ludovisi Battle Sacrophagus

250 CE

<p>250 CE</p>