CU Earth Science Unit 1

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32 Terms

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Science

A body of knowledge about the natural world

<p>A body of knowledge about the natural world</p>
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Hypothesis

A statement that logically explains an observation of nature and is testable

<p>A statement that logically explains an observation of nature and is testable</p>
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Scientific Theory

A statement that logically explains a series of observations based on evidence

<p>A statement that logically explains a series of observations based on evidence</p>
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Scientific Law

A brief statement (equation) that describes a behavior in nature

<p>A brief statement (equation) that describes a behavior in nature</p>
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Geology

Study of the Earth

<p>Study of the Earth</p>
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Meteorology

The study of the Atmosphere & Atmosphere Processes

<p>The study of the Atmosphere &amp; Atmosphere Processes</p>
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Oceanography

The Chemistry, Physics, Geology, & Biology of the Ocean

<p>The Chemistry, Physics, Geology, &amp; Biology of the Ocean</p>
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Astronomy

The study of the Universe

<p>The study of the Universe</p>
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Climatology

The study of Earth’s Climate

<p>The study of Earth’s Climate</p>
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Matter

A physical substance that occupies space, mass mass, and is made of atoms

<p>A physical substance that occupies space, mass mass, and is made of atoms</p>
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Atom

The smallest division of matter that retains all properties of that matter. Made with a nucleus, protons, neutrons, and electrons

<p>The smallest division of matter that retains all properties of that matter. Made with a nucleus, protons, neutrons, and electrons</p>
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Element

Atom with specific # of protons in nucleus

<p>Atom with specific # of protons in nucleus</p>
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Element that has lost electrons

Cation

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Element that has gained electrons

Anion

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Isotope

Element with a different number of neurons in nucleus (changes mass, but not charge)

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AMU

Atomic Mass Unit

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Protons have a _____ charge

positive

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Neutrons have a _____ charge

neutral

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Electrons have a _____ charge

negative

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Elements can combine to create

Compounds, Molecules, & Metals

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Mineral

A basic building block of Earth’s materials

<p>A basic building block of Earth’s materials</p>
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5 criteria to be considered a mineral

SINCE solid, inorganic, naturally occurring, crystalline structure, expressed as a formula

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Process of Science

Testing Ideas, Exploration & Discovery, Community, & Benefits & Outcomes

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Elements in Earth’s Crust

Oxygen (46.6), Silica (27.7), Aluminum (8.1), Iron (5), Calcium (3.6), Sodium (2.8), Potassium (2.6), & Other (1.5)

<p>Oxygen (46.6), Silica (27.7), Aluminum (8.1), Iron (5), Calcium (3.6), Sodium (2.8), Potassium (2.6), &amp; Other (1.5)</p>
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Luster

The way light interacts with the surface of the mineral

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Diaphaneity

How light moves through a mineral

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Streak

The color of a mineral in powder form

<p>The color of a mineral in powder form</p>
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Isolines

lines on a map that connect points of equal value for whatever phenomena you are mapping

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Contour lines

connect points of equal elevation relative to mean sea level

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Isotherms

connect points of equal temperature

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Isobars

connect points of equal barometric pressure

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Isohyets

connect points of equal precipitation values