American Chemical Society General Chemistry Final Exam Review

Practice flashcards based on the key concepts and information presented in the American Chemical Society General Chemistry Final Exam lecture notes.

What is the rate of a reaction without a catalyst compared to one with a catalyst, if it is 106 times faster?

The activation energy is different in the two cases.

What happens to the rate of a reaction when the concentration of [A] is halved and [B] is doubled if the rate law is first order in [A] and second order in [B]?

The rate of the reaction will be increased by a factor of 4.

What is the effect of increasing the temperature from 10 °C to 20 °C on the rate of a chemical reaction?

It doubled the proportion of molecules possessing the minimum energy required for the reaction.

In the reaction mechanism for ethylbenzene formation, which substance serves as the catalyst?

AlBr3.

What is the rate law for the reaction: 2H2 + 2NO → 2H2O + N2 based on the presented data?

Rate = k1 [H2]^2 [NO].

Under what conditions is SO3 most stable in the reaction 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3 + heat?

High pressure and low temperature.

What effect does increasing total pressure have on the reaction CaCO3(s) ⇌ CaO(s) + CO2(g)?

It favors the formation of products.

What is the equilibrium constant Kp for the dissociation of COCl2(g) at equilibrium if x represents the partial pressure of CO2?

Kp = x(2x)^2 / (1.0 - 2x)^2.

What is the pH calculation for 200 mL of 0.002 M HCl?

pH = 2.7.

What happens to the acidity of a solution when sodium acetate is added to acetic acid?

It decreases the acidity of the solution.

In electrolysis, what occurs at the anode?

Positive ions gain electrons.

What is the strongest reducing agent among the options provided based on their standard reduction potentials?

Ca2+ (E°red = -2.87 V).

What determines whether a reaction is spontaneous?

The Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG).

What is the product when 179Ta decays by electron capture?

180Ta.

Which process will not shift toward the products upon a volume decrease in a fixed reaction vessel?

2N2O5(g) ⇌ 4NO2(g) + O2(g).