AP HuG - Unit 4 Vocab

Semiperiphery

places where core or periphery processes are both occurring, exploited by the core, but in turn exploit the periphery

State

a politically organized territory with a permanent population, a defined territory and a government

Sovereignty

a principle of international relations, holds that final authority over social, economic, and political matters should rest with legitimate rulers of independent states

heartland theory

a geopolitical hypothesis, that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain enough strength to eventually conquer the world

Devolution

the process by which regions within a state demand and gain political strength and automony at the expense of the central government

Boundary

vertical plane between states that cuts throughthe rocks below and teh air above the surface

Gerrymandering

redistricting for advantage; dividing areas into electoral districts to give one political party an electoral majority in the districts

Periphery

processes that incorporate lower levels of education, lower salaries, and less technology

Territoriality

a country’s sense of property and attachment towards its territory

Peace of Westphalia

peace negotiated in 1648 to end the Thirty Years War, Europe’s most destructive internal struggle over religion

Democracy

government based on the principle that the people are the ultimate sovereign, and have the final say over what happens within the state

territorial representation

system wherein each representative is elected from a territorially defined district

Scale

representation of a real-world phenomenon at a certain level of reduction of generalization

majority-minority districts

the process by which a majority of the population is from the minority, when determining minority districts

Splitting

the process by which the majority and minority populations are evenly spread across the districts

Colonialism

rule by an autonomous power over a subordinate and alien people and place

Core

processes that incorporate higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology

Unilateralism

world order in which one state is in a position of dominances with allies following rather than joining the political decision-making process

Mercantilism

assocated with the promotion of commercialism and trade

Commodification

the process through which something is given monetary value

Ability

having the power and control over other states

stateless nation

a nation that does not have a state

supranational organization

a venture involving three or more nation-states involving formal political, economic, and/or cultural cooperation th promote shared objectives

political geography

the study of the politcal organization of the world

Nation

legally, a term encompassing all the citizens of a state