Animal Science Exam

The female parent of cattle, sheep, pigs, and goats is know as

Dam

Which of the following contributes the greatest to the worldwide milk supply?

Cow

Something that farmers need to take into consideration when deciding what type of farming system (conventional vs non-conventional) to develop

Public health concerns, Animal Welfare, Economic concerns, Ecological concerns

The type of Agricultural region that is able to earn profit

Developed

Which of the following is generally the most profitable way to use land

Crop production

The process of giving birth is known as

Parturation

About how much greenhouse gas emissions are due to livestock themselves rather than manure?

90%

The name of the meat associated with goats

Chevon

Non-food products that would be in higher demand for someone in an underdeveloped country

Manure, Urine, Skin, Hide, Various by-products like bone

Which of the following is considered THE major source of fat in human diets?

Milk and milk products

Human uses for animals

Food, Products, Sports, Religion

Meat production worldwide continues to ____, whereas in the US, our meat consumption continues to ______

increase, decrease

Which is NOT considered a discipline of animal science

Human Companionship

Which group is predicted to become the #1 consumed meat product by 2050?

Poultry

What time of farming: Use high-yielding breeds of livestock, Large-scale farms, Machinery and the latest technology used to improve efficiency, Extensive use of pesticide and fertilizer, Relies on all types of modern veterinary health products for treatment

Conventional Farming

What type of farming: Lower overall yield and productivity per animal, practices attempt to improve soil fertility and biodiversity, Farming practices can easily be modified to meet local production conditions and market/demand, Animals used for weed control, Animals not confided mainly due to large amount of pasture needed for feeding

Organic Farming

Female cattle that has yet to reproduce

Heifer

Castrated male cattle

Steer

Adult female cattle that has given birth

Cow

Intact adult male cattle

Bull

Giving birth in cattle world is called

Calving

Immature offspring of cattle

Calf

A group of cattle

Herd

Scientific name for cattle

Bovine

Female pig that has yet to reproduce

Gilt

Castrated male pig

Barrow

Adult female pig that has given birth

Sow

Intact adult male pig

Boar

Giving birth in pig world is called

Farrowing

Immature offspring of pig

Piglet

A group of pig

Herd

Scientific name for pig

Porcine or Swine

Female sheep that has yet to reproduce

Ewe lamb

Castrated male sheep and goat

Wether

Adult female sheep that has given birth

Ewe

Intact adult male sheep

Ram

Giving birth in sheep world is called

Lambing

Immature offspring of sheep

Lamb

A group of sheep

Flock

Scientific name for sheep

Ovine

Adult female goat that has given birth

Nanny

Intact adult male goat

Billy

Giving birth in goat world is called

Kidding

Immature offspring of goat

Kid

A group of goat

Herd

Scientific name for goat

Caprine

Lay large #s of eggs

Layers

Young male chicken

Cockeral

Adult female chicken

Hen

Intact adult male chicken

Rooster

Giving “birth” in chicken world is called

Laying

Immature offspring of chicken

Chick

A group of chicken

Flock

Chicken raised for meat purposes

Broiler

One’s _____ are traits that you can easily observe and measure

Phenotype

An animal that has only a glandular simple stomach for digestion is knoas as a ____ species

Monogastric

The term for bringing food to the mouth is known as

Prehension

Was is NOT a function of water

Energy

Which product of rumination provides up to 50% crude protein

Bacterial cells

The amount of nutrients found in a ration depends on what

Level of production, Type of digestive tract the animal has, Products one is interested in selling, Type of species that ration is fed to

Contraction that control regurgitation during rumination originates from where

Reticulum

Which of the following stages would NOT require a ration with a high amount of energy

Maintenance

Acceptabilty of feedstuff or ration for consumption is known as

Palpability

Wool color is considered a ____ trait

Qualitative

Nutrients provide what

Metobolic regulation, Building blocks for the body, Energy, Sustain life processes

Which of the following is the “true stomach” of ruminant animals

Abomasum

Which of the following components of proximal feed analysis measures nitrogen

Crude protein

Which product of rumination provides the most energy

Volatile fatty acids

What results in a change in genetics over time

Genetic drift, Mutations, Migration of new animals into the herd or flock, Selection of traits to keep for future generations

Animals that eat only plants are called

Herbivores

These are examples of what: Cellulose, Starch, The largest percentage of nutrients found within common feedstuffs

Carbohydrates

These are examples of what: Amino Acid chains

Protein

These are examples of what: Fatty acids, Glycerol, is 2.5 times higher energy than carbohydrates

Lipid

These are examples of what: Vitamin A

Lipid soluble vitamin

These are examples of what: Oyster Shells, Lime

Mineral

These are examples of what: Vitamin C

Water soluble vitamin

What is: High in cellulose, Low in sugar and starch, Takes the longest to ruminate, Weathered, Low quality, Mature at harvest

Roughage

What is: Anerobic fermintation results in this product, Can be stored for long periods of time

Silage

What is: Cereal grains, High in starch and fat

Energy Feeds

What is: High moisture content (50-80%)

Pasture

What is: Immature at harvest, Contains higher amounts of calcium and carotene, Bulk of ruminant diets

Forage

What is: Products from meat, fish, and dairy processing, Corn gluten meal

Protein supplemation

Beef Cattle Breeds:

Sheep Breeds:

Dairy Cattle Breeds:

Swine Breeds:

Genetic Program for Beef Cattle:

EPD

Genetic Program for Dairy Cattle:

DHI

Genetic Program for Swine:

STAGES

Genetic Program for Sheep:

NSIP

Progesterine is secreated from which ovarian structure

Corpus Luteum

The primary reproductive organ in the male is the

Testicle

The type of uteri found in most livestock species

Bicornate

Oocytes are housed in which stricture of the ovary

Follicles

Which hormone released from the brain is associated with ovulation in female and testerone production in males

Luteinizing horomone

The period of sexual receptivity in female domestic animals is known as

Estrus

Which hormone released from the brain is associated with follicle development in female and sperm production in males

Follicle stimulating hormone

Estrogen is secreted from which ovarian structure

Follicle

High amounts of estrogen result in the release of which hormone from the hypothalamus? This hormone will eventually result in ovulation

GnHR

If a female is pregnant, which horomone from the luteal phase will remain at a high level to support the pregnancy

Progesterone