1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines (Article I-V) Practice Flashcards

A set of vocabulary-style flashcards covering the Preamble and Articles I through V of the 1987 Philippine Constitution.

Preamble

The introductory part of the Constitution where the sovereign Filipino people implore the aid of Almighty God to build a just and humane society.

National Territory

Comprises the Philippine archipelago, with all islands and waters embraced therein, and all other territories over which the Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction.

Internal Waters

The waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the archipelago, regardless of their breadth and dimensions.

Democratic and Republican State

The established nature of the Philippines where sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them.

Civilian Authority

The entity that is, at all times, supreme over the military according to Article II, Section 3.

Armed Forces of the Philippines

The protector of the people and the State, whose goal is to secure state sovereignty and the integrity of national territory.

Separation of Church and State

A principle declared as inviolable under Article II, Section 6.

Independent Foreign Policy

A policy the State shall pursue where paramount considerations include national sovereignty, territorial integrity, national interest, and self-determination.

Policy of Freedom from Nuclear Weapons

A policy the Philippines adopts and pursues within its territory, consistent with the national interest.

Social Justice

A concept the State must promote in all phases of national development to ensure the dignity of every human person.

Family

Recognized as the basic autonomous social institution; the State protects its sanctity and the life of the mother and the unborn from conception.

Bill of Rights

Article III of the Constitution which outlines the fundamental rights and privileges of all individuals in the Philippines.

Due Process of Law

The constitutional requirement that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without this legal procedure.

Probable Cause

The standard determined personally by a judge after examination under oath needed to issue a search warrant or warrant of arrest.

Right to Privacy of Communication and Correspondence

A right declared inviolable except upon lawful order of the court or when public safety or order requires otherwise.

Freedom of Speech, Expression, and Press

Rights protected under Section 4 that prohibit laws from abridging the right of the people to peaceably assemble and petition the government.

Liberty of Abode

The right to choose and change one's place of residence, which shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the court.

Eminent Domain

The principle found in Section 9 stating that private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.

Bail

The right of all persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong, to be bailable by sufficient sureties before conviction.

Writ of Habeas Corpus

A legal privilege that shall not be suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion when public safety requires it.

Right Against Self-Incrimination

The principle that no person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.

Double Jeopardy

The protection provided in Section 21 ensuring no person is twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense.

Ex Post Facto Law

A law that retroactively changes the legal consequences of actions that were committed before the enactment of the law; its enactment is prohibited.

Bill of Attainder

A legislative act that declares a person or group of persons guilty of some crime and punishes them without a trial; its enactment is prohibited.

Citizens of the Philippines

Includes those at the time of adoption, those with Filipino parents, those born before Jan 17, 1973 to Filipino mothers who elect citizenship, and naturalized citizens.

Natural-born Citizens

Citizens from birth without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect their Philippine citizenship.

Suffrage

The right to vote, exercisable by citizens at least eighteen years of age who have resided in the Philippines for at least one year.

Residency Requirement for Voting

At least one year of residence in the Philippines and at least six months in the place where one proposes to vote.

Absentee Voting

A system the Congress shall provide for qualified Filipinos abroad.